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ABOG Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery study materials
ABOG Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery study resources

ABOG Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery: Congenital Anomalies and Special Populations

ABOG Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.

All guide sections

Congenital Anomalies and Special Populations

Congenital anomalies

Müllerian anomalies (MRKH, septate uterus), cloacal anomalies, and disorders of sex development may present with primary amenorrhea, cyclic pain, or incontinence. Vaginal agenesis management includes nonsurgical dilation or surgical creation. Congenital urethral anomalies and epispadias require specialized repair. Neurogenic bladder (spina bifida) needs lifelong surveillance for upper tract safety.

Special populations

Older adults, frail patients, and those with cognitive impairment require individualized goals. Pregnancy and postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction: pelvic floor muscle training and postpartum follow-up. Patients with prior pelvic radiation or cancer surgery have higher complication risk.

Traps

  • Missing obstructive müllerian anomalies in a patient with cyclic pelvic pain and amenorrhea.
  • Overlooking neurogenic bladder surveillance in spina bifida.
  • Assuming all incontinence in older adults is age-related; evaluate for reversible causes.
  • Failing to address fertility and psychosexual concerns in congenital anomalies.

Rule of thumb

In a young patient with primary amenorrhea and cyclic pain, suspect an obstructive müllerian anomaly; image and refer. In neurogenic bladder, prioritize upper tract protection over continence alone.