科学与技术：采用、影响与表述
科技与社会的接口
Science and Technology passages in AP Chinese usually discuss adoption and impact rather than physics. Know the headline items: 四大发明 (造纸术, 印刷术, 火药, 指南针), 高铁 and 动车, 移动支付 and 扫码支付, 共享单车, 网购 and 电商, 双十一, 外卖, 5G, 人工智能, 机器人, 航天工程 (嫦娥探月, 天宫空间站), 新能源 and 电动车, 碳中和, 基因编辑, and 网络安全/隐私.
Traps
Attribution is the most common trap. 蔡伦 improved and standardized papermaking rather than inventing paper from nothing; 毕昇 is linked to movable type in the eleventh century, while block printing came earlier. Writing 中国人最早发明了一切 is an overclaim no scoring guide rewards. Keep quantities safe rather than invented: 越来越多的人 instead of an unverifiable percentage. Distinguish 高铁 (G-series high-speed rail) from 动车 (slightly slower D-series), and 网上购物 (the activity) from 快递 (the delivery). Watch causation and tone: 移动支付让人们生活更方便 is a neutral claim, while 移动支付让人变懒 needs hedging such as 有人担心.
Rule of thumb
For any technology prompt-email, essay, or conversation-run a three-column check: 好处 / 问题 / 怎么办. Say what the technology makes easier, name one real cost (隐私, 老人不会用, 依赖手机), and propose a modest response. One sentence each is enough: 移动支付很方便，但有些老人不习惯用手机，所以社区应该保留现金窗口。Balanced, specific, and stitched together with level-appropriate connectors (不过, 因此, 另一方面).