Implementing and Managing Compute and Virtualization in Hybrid Scenarios
Core concepts
Compute in hybrid scenarios covers Hyper-V on Windows Server and Azure virtual machines. Know generation 1 vs. generation 2 VMs, virtual switches (external, internal, private), Hyper-V Replica, live migration and storage migration, failover clustering, cluster shared volumes, shielded VMs and Host Guardian Service, nested virtualization, and checkpoints (standard vs. production).
On the Azure side, understand VM sizes and series, availability sets vs. availability zones, Virtual Machine Scale Sets, Azure Dedicated Host, proximity placement groups, and Azure Migrate for server assessment and dependency analysis. Also know Azure Arc-enabled Hyper-V and Azure Stack HCI as hybrid compute platforms, and trusted launch with secure boot and vTPM.
Traps to watch
- Generation 2 VMs support UEFI, secure boot, and larger boot volumes but do not support some legacy devices; questions often hinge on whether a legacy OS or IDE boot is needed.
- Standard checkpoints capture state including memory; production checkpoints use VSS and are application-consistent but do not capture running memory state in the same way.
- Live migration moves running VMs; quick migration saves state; storage migration moves VHD files only.
- Availability sets protect within a datacenter; availability zones protect across datacenters. Do not mix them in one answer.
- Azure Migrate dependency analysis requires the appliance and agents; it is not automatic from vCenter alone.
Rule of thumb
Match the tool to the goal: Hyper-V Replica for cross-site VM replication without shared storage, failover clustering with CSV for high availability within a site, Azure availability zones for datacenter-level resilience, and Azure Migrate for assessment before any move.
Worked example
A legacy application must run on a VM that boots from IDE and uses a floppy device. Choose a generation 1 Hyper-V VM. If the requirement instead specifies UEFI secure boot and a 4-TB boot disk, choose generation 2.