General Provisions, Driver Duties and Documents
The legal frame
Belarusian traffic law is built on a hierarchy of instructions: traffic controller signals override traffic signals, which override road signs, which override road markings. Temporary signs on a yellow background and temporary markings take precedence over permanent ones. A candidate must know the core definitions: roadway, carriageway, lane, median strip, settlement, insufficient visibility (less than 300 m), and darkness (dusk to dawn).
Duties of the driver
A driver must carry a valid licence of the correct category, the vehicle registration certificate, and compulsory insurance (Green Card or internal policy). The driver must present these to police on request, and must not hand over control to a person without a licence. Before driving, the driver must check the vehicle's technical condition and ensure the load is secure. After stopping, the driver must place a warning triangle in the prescribed position and must not leave the vehicle unattended without taking anti-theft measures.
Traps in questions
Questions often swap must for may, or test the exact distance at which a warning triangle is placed outside a settlement (30 m) versus inside (15 m). Another frequent trap: whether a driver is obliged to give evidence or to sign a protocol - the obligation is to provide documents and to remain at the scene, not to sign a protocol. Watch for questions about the driver's duty to stop when involved in an accident, and about the definition of giving way (a driver must not force others to change speed or direction).
Rule of thumb
When a question asks "who has the right of way", first check for a traffic controller, then a traffic light, then signs, then markings. If two rules seem to conflict, the higher one wins.
Worked example
A driver is stopped by an inspector and asked for documents. The driver has a licence, registration and insurance but left the insurance at home. The correct answer: the driver has violated the duty to carry documents; the inspector may impose an administrative penalty.