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Commercial Pilot Licence Aeroplane (CPAER) study materials
Commercial Pilot Licence Aeroplane (CPAER) study resources

Commercial Pilot Licence Aeroplane (CPAER) practice questions

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Question 1Air Law

What is the minimum total flight time an applicant must have logged to be issued a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane in Canada?

  1. 150 hours
  2. 200 hours Correct answer.
  3. 100 hours
  4. 250 hours

Explanation

An applicant for a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane must have logged at least 200 hours of total flight time. That total must include at least 100 hours pilot-in-command and 20 hours of cross-country flight. The requirement is set out in the personnel licensing standards.

Question 2Air Law

For a day VFR flight in an aeroplane, the fuel carried must allow flight to the destination aerodrome plus a reserve of at least:

  1. 60 minutes at normal cruising speed
  2. 30 minutes at normal cruising speed Correct answer.
  3. 45 minutes at normal cruising speed
  4. 20 minutes at normal cruising speed

Explanation

A day VFR aeroplane flight must carry enough fuel to reach the destination aerodrome plus a reserve of 30 minutes at normal cruising speed. The reserve increases to 45 minutes for night VFR and for IFR flight. The rule appears in the general operating and flight rules.

Question 3Air Law

Before carrying passengers, a pilot must have completed, within the preceding six months, at least:

  1. 10 takeoffs and 10 landings
  2. 5 hours of flight time
  3. 5 takeoffs and 5 landings Correct answer.
  4. 3 takeoffs and 3 landings

Explanation

A pilot may not carry passengers unless at least five takeoffs and five landings have been completed in the same category and class of aircraft within the preceding six months. If passengers are carried at night, those takeoffs and landings must have been completed at night. The requirement is part of the personnel licensing rules.

Question 4Air Law

An aeroplane is flying VFR in controlled airspace at 4,000 feet above ground level on a magnetic track of 225°. Which cruising altitude is correct?

  1. 4,500 feet Correct answer.
  2. 3,500 feet
  3. 5,500 feet
  4. 6,000 feet

Explanation

In controlled airspace at or above 3,000 feet above ground level, VFR aircraft follow the hemispheric rule and add 500 feet to the level. Tracks from 180° to 359° use even thousands of feet plus 500, so 4,500 feet suits a track of 225°. Tracks from 0° to 179° use odd thousands plus 500.

Question 5Air Law

An aircraft climbs through 18,000 feet ASL in Canadian domestic airspace. Which altimeter setting should the pilot use above that height?

  1. The altimeter setting of the departure aerodrome
  2. The current altimeter setting of the nearest reporting station
  3. The highest altimeter setting reported in the area
  4. 29.92 inches of mercury Correct answer.

Explanation

The transition altitude in Canadian domestic airspace is 18,000 feet ASL. At and above that height, pilots set the altimeter to the standard pressure of 29.92 inches of mercury, equivalent to 1013.2 hectopascals, and report height as a flight level. Below the transition altitude the current station setting is used.

Question 6Air Law

A pilot holds a Category 1 medical certificate. How long is the certificate valid when the holder is under 40 years of age?

  1. 6 months
  2. 12 months Correct answer.
  3. 36 months
  4. 24 months

Explanation

A Category 1 medical certificate remains valid for 12 months after the date of the medical examination when the holder is under 40 years of age. Once the holder reaches 40, the validity period drops to six months. Category 3 certificates follow a longer schedule but do not support commercial privileges.

Question 7Air Law

For VFR flight in controlled airspace, the required distance from cloud is:

  1. one mile horizontally and 1,000 feet vertically
  2. one mile horizontally and 2,000 feet vertically
  3. 2,000 feet horizontally and 500 feet vertically
  4. one mile horizontally and 500 feet vertically Correct answer.

Explanation

In controlled airspace, VFR flight requires a flight visibility of at least three statute miles, a horizontal distance from cloud of at least one mile and a vertical distance from cloud of at least 500 feet. Different cloud-clearance values apply in uncontrolled airspace. The controlled-airspace minima are fixed by regulation.

Question 8Air Law

In Canada, the annual airworthiness inspection of an aircraft must be performed at intervals not exceeding:

  1. 24 months
  2. 100 hours of flight time
  3. 6 months
  4. 12 months Correct answer.

Explanation

A Canadian-registered aircraft must receive an annual airworthiness inspection within the 12 months preceding the flight, performed by an approved maintenance organisation or an aircraft maintenance engineer. A maintenance release must also be signed before the aircraft is flown. The 100-hour inspection is an American requirement, not a Canadian one.

Question 9Air Law

A commercial pilot drinks two beers at 20:00 and reports for a flight at 02:00 the next morning, feeling completely sober. Under Canadian regulations the pilot:

  1. may act as a flight crew member, because no effects of alcohol are felt
  2. may act as a flight crew member, provided blood alcohol is below 0.08
  3. may act as a flight crew member, because commercial operations require only eight hours
  4. may not act as a flight crew member, because eight hours have not passed since drinking Correct answer.

Explanation

A flight crew member may not act as such within eight hours after consuming alcohol, and may never act while under the influence of alcohol. Only six hours have elapsed in this case, so the flight is prohibited. The interval applies regardless of how sober the pilot feels.

Question 10Air Law

A pilot plans to fly over a densely built-up city area. Which minimum altitude applies?

  1. 500 feet above ground level at all times
  2. 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a 2,000-foot horizontal radius Correct answer.
  3. 500 feet above the highest obstacle within a 2,000-foot horizontal radius
  4. 1,000 feet above ground level, measured directly below the aircraft

Explanation

Over a built-up or congested area, an aircraft must be flown at least 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle located within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet of the aircraft. Elsewhere the minimum is 500 feet above ground level, except where a takeoff or landing requires a lower altitude. The rule protects people and property on the ground.

Question 11Air Law

What is the minimum age at which an applicant may be issued a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane in Canada?

  1. 21 years
  2. 16 years
  3. 17 years
  4. 18 years Correct answer.

Explanation

Canadian aviation regulations set the minimum age for a Commercial Pilot Licence at 18 years. A Private Pilot Licence may be issued at 17, and a Student Pilot Permit at 14; the higher commercial standard reflects the greater responsibility and privileges. Age alone is not sufficient-medical, experience and testing requirements must also be met.

Question 12Air Law

Which medical certificate category is required to exercise the privileges of a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane?

  1. Category 2
  2. Category 1 Correct answer.
  3. Category 3
  4. Category 4

Explanation

A Category 1 medical certificate is required for a Commercial Pilot Licence and for exercising its privileges. Category 3 is the standard for a Private Pilot Licence, while Category 4 is for recreation. The higher category reflects the commercial pilot's greater duty to passengers and the public.

Question 13Air Law

When flying over an area that is not a built-up area or an open-air assembly of persons, what is the minimum altitude an aeroplane must maintain?

  1. 1,000 feet AGL
  2. 500 feet AGL Correct answer.
  3. 500 feet above the highest obstacle within 2,000 feet
  4. 2,000 feet AGL

Explanation

CAR 602.14 requires a minimum altitude of 500 feet above ground level when flying over non-built-up areas, except where taking off or landing. Over built-up areas or open-air assemblies, the minimum is 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a 2,000-foot radius. The lower 500-foot rule reflects reduced risk to persons and property outside congested areas.

Question 14Air Law

Two aeroplanes are converging at approximately the same altitude, and one aircraft is on the right side of the other. Which pilot must give way?

  1. The aircraft with the higher certification category
  2. The pilot who has the other on the right Correct answer.
  3. The pilot on the right
  4. The faster of the two converging aircraft

Explanation

Under the right-of-way rules, when two aircraft converge at the same altitude, the aircraft that has the other on its right must give way. This is often remembered as 'give way to the right.' The rule prevents both pilots from turning into each other and provides a predictable sequence.

Question 15Air Law

For a VFR flight at night, what fuel reserve must be carried beyond the fuel needed to reach the destination aerodrome?

  1. 60 minutes
  2. 30 minutes
  3. 45 minutes Correct answer.
  4. 20 minutes

Explanation

For VFR flight at night, the pilot must carry enough fuel to fly to the destination aerodrome and then for an additional 45 minutes at normal cruising speed. The daytime VFR reserve is 30 minutes. The longer night reserve accounts for reduced visual references and fewer diversion options.

Question 16Air Law

In Canadian controlled airspace, what is the maximum indicated airspeed permitted below 10,000 feet ASL unless a special authorization applies?

  1. 250 knots Correct answer.
  2. 300 knots
  3. 150 knots
  4. 200 knots

Explanation

CAR 602.32 sets a speed limit of 250 knots indicated airspeed below 10,000 feet ASL in controlled airspace, unless the aircraft is operating under an authorization that permits a higher speed. The limit reduces collision risk and gives pilots more time to see and avoid other traffic. It does not apply where a specific clearance or procedure authorizes otherwise.

Question 17Air Law

A VFR flight is planned to operate more than 25 nautical miles from the departure aerodrome. What must the pilot do before departure?

  1. Obtain a discrete transponder code from ATC
  2. Notify the nearest area control centre by radio
  3. File an instrument flight rules flight plan
  4. File a flight plan or flight itinerary Correct answer.

Explanation

Canadian regulations require a flight plan or flight itinerary for a VFR flight that will proceed more than 25 nautical miles from the departure aerodrome. This ensures search-and-rescue authorities have information about the route and expected arrival. The requirement applies to both day and night VFR flights beyond that distance.

Question 18Air Law

In which situation are aerobatic manoeuvres prohibited unless authorized?

  1. Over a built-up area or open-air assembly Correct answer.
  2. When the aircraft is above 3,000 feet above ground level
  3. Within 5 nautical miles of any licensed aerodrome
  4. Over any privately owned farmland regardless of size

Explanation

Aerobatics are prohibited over a built-up area or an open-air assembly of persons, and within controlled airspace, unless the pilot has the required authorization. These restrictions protect people and property on the ground from the risks of unusual attitudes and loss of control. Aerobatics also require precautions such as ensuring the aircraft is suitably rated and the area is clear.

Question 19Air Law

A pilot requests special VFR to enter a Class D control zone in daylight. What minima apply?

  1. 2 statute miles visibility and 500 feet vertically from cloud
  2. 1 nautical mile visibility and 1,000 feet vertically from cloud
  3. 3 statute miles visibility and 500 feet below cloud
  4. 1 statute mile visibility and clear of cloud Correct answer.

Explanation

Special VFR may be authorized in a control zone to allow flight when normal VFR weather minima are not met. The pilot must remain clear of cloud and maintain at least one statute mile flight visibility, and must obtain an ATC clearance. Special VFR is normally available only in daylight and only within the control zone.

Question 20Air Law

Which aeroplane requires a type rating to be operated by a commercial pilot?

  1. Any aeroplane equipped with retractable landing gear
  2. Any aeroplane equipped with a constant-speed propeller
  3. An aeroplane over 12,500 pounds MTOW or turbojet-powered Correct answer.
  4. Any aeroplane configured with more than four passenger seats

Explanation

Canadian regulations require a type rating for aeroplanes with a maximum takeoff weight exceeding 12,500 pounds or powered by a turbojet engine. These aircraft have higher performance and systems complexity, so type-specific training and testing are required. Smaller aeroplanes are normally covered by a class rating and any applicable endorsements.

Question 21Air Law

For VFR flight in controlled airspace, what minimum flight visibility is required?

  1. 1 statute mile
  2. 3 statute miles Correct answer.
  3. 2 statute miles
  4. 5 statute miles

Explanation

Canadian rules require at least 3 statute miles of flight visibility for VFR flight in controlled airspace. The same rule sets cloud clearance at 1 statute mile horizontally and 500 feet vertically. These minima support see-and-avoid and the separation assumptions used by ATC.

Question 22Air Law

Which class of Canadian airspace is designated for IFR flight only?

  1. Class A Correct answer.
  2. Class C
  3. Class B
  4. Class E

Explanation

Class A airspace is controlled airspace reserved for IFR flight, so VFR operations are not permitted there. Class B and Class C airspace permit VFR flights when the required clearance is obtained. Class E airspace normally permits VFR flight without an ATC clearance.

Question 23Air Law

When must an aeroplane display navigation (position) lights?

  1. Only when flight visibility is less than 3 statute miles
  2. Only when operating in controlled airspace
  3. At all times while airborne
  4. From sunset to sunrise Correct answer.

Explanation

Navigation lights are required for night flight, which is the period from sunset to sunrise. They identify the aircraft's position and direction of travel to other pilots. Displaying them only in controlled airspace or only in reduced visibility does not satisfy the night-lighting requirement.

Question 24Air Law

An aeroplane is overtaking another aeroplane at approximately the same altitude. What action is required of the overtaking aircraft?

  1. It must keep out of the way by passing to the right. Correct answer.
  2. The aircraft being overtaken must alter course to the right.
  3. Both aircraft must alter course to the right.
  4. It may pass on either side if it maintains vertical separation.

Explanation

The aircraft being overtaken has the right of way. The overtaking aircraft must keep clear by altering heading to the right and passing on the right. The other aircraft is expected to maintain its course and speed.

Question 25Air Law

Before takeoff with passengers, what must the pilot-in-command ensure?

  1. Each passenger has been weighed individually
  2. Each passenger has received a safety briefing on seat belts, exits, and emergency equipment Correct answer.
  3. Each passenger holds a valid medical certificate
  4. Each passenger has signed the journey log

Explanation

The pilot-in-command must ensure passengers receive a safety briefing before takeoff. The briefing covers seat belts, exits, emergency equipment, and other relevant safety information. It may be given orally or by an approved briefing card.

Question 26Air Law

Which frequency pair must an emergency locator transmitter (ELT) installed in a Canadian aeroplane be capable of transmitting on?

  1. 406 MHz and 121.5 MHz Correct answer.
  2. 121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz
  3. 406 MHz and 243.0 MHz
  4. 118.0 MHz and 121.5 MHz

Explanation

A required ELT transmits a digital distress alert on 406 MHz for satellite detection. It also transmits a homing signal on 121.5 MHz for search aircraft. This combination supports both satellite alerting and local homing.

Question 27Air Law

A pilot encounters severe turbulence and must deviate from an ATC clearance to maintain safety. What authority applies?

  1. The pilot may deviate to the extent necessary and must notify ATC as soon as practicable Correct answer.
  2. The pilot may deviate only after obtaining a revised clearance
  3. The pilot must declare an emergency before changing altitude
  4. The pilot may deviate only if the flight is conducted under IFR

Explanation

The pilot-in-command may deviate from a rule or clearance in an emergency to the extent necessary for safety. As soon as practicable, the pilot must inform ATC of the deviation. A written report may be required afterward.

Question 28Air Law

In the absence of published instructions, what is the standard direction of turns in an aerodrome traffic circuit?

  1. Right-hand turns
  2. Turns as directed by the first aircraft in the circuit
  3. Left-hand turns Correct answer.
  4. Turns away from the runway

Explanation

Unless the Canada Flight Supplement or ATC specifies otherwise, aerodrome traffic circuits are left-hand. Pilots must use the published circuit direction for the aerodrome. This standard improves predictability for arriving and departing aircraft.

Question 29Air Law

A pilot wants to enter a Class D control zone at night when the weather is below normal VFR minima. Is special VFR available?

  1. Yes, provided flight visibility is at least 1 statute mile
  2. No, special VFR is available only in Class C airspace
  3. Yes, provided the pilot holds an instrument rating
  4. No, special VFR is not authorized at night in Canada Correct answer.

Explanation

Special VFR allows flight in a control zone when weather is below normal VFR minima, but Canadian rules do not authorize it at night. A pilot must therefore meet normal VFR minima or use an IFR clearance. Holding an instrument rating does not create a night special VFR authority.

Question 30Air Law

For VFR flight in Class B airspace, what is required?

  1. An ATC clearance Correct answer.
  2. A minimum visibility of 5 statute miles
  3. A transponder only, with no radio communication
  4. No clearance, because Class B is uncontrolled

Explanation

Class B airspace is controlled airspace in which both IFR and VFR flights may operate. Every aircraft requires an ATC clearance before entering Class B airspace. VFR aircraft must also comply with applicable weather minima and equipment rules.

Question 31Air Law

Within what period must a commercial pilot have completed five takeoffs and five landings to carry passengers in an aeroplane?

  1. The preceding 6 months Correct answer.
  2. The preceding 90 days
  3. The preceding 30 days
  4. The preceding 12 months

Explanation

Canadian licence recency rules require a pilot to complete five takeoffs and five landings in the same category and class within the preceding six months before carrying passengers. For passenger-carrying flights at night, the pilot must also have completed five night takeoffs and landings within that period.

Question 32Air Law

A pilot on the manoeuvring area receives a steady red light from the control tower. What does this signal mean?

  1. Cleared for takeoff
  2. Stop Correct answer.
  3. Give way to other aircraft
  4. Cleared to taxi

Explanation

A steady red light directed at an aircraft on the ground means stop. The same signal directed at an aircraft in flight means give way to other aircraft and continue circling, so the pilot's location determines its meaning.

Question 33Air Law

Which documents must a pilot carry while exercising the privileges of a pilot licence in Canada?

  1. The aircraft flight manual and weight and balance report
  2. The aircraft journey log and maintenance schedule
  3. A passport and the aircraft certificate of registration
  4. The pilot licence and a valid medical certificate Correct answer.

Explanation

A pilot exercising licence privileges must carry the pilot licence and a valid medical certificate. The other documents listed are aircraft records, and they are controlled by separate aircraft document and journey log requirements rather than by the pilot's personal licensing documents.

Question 34Air Law

A power-driven aeroplane and a glider are converging at the same altitude. Which aircraft has the right of way?

  1. The aircraft with the higher speed
  2. The glider Correct answer.
  3. The power-driven aeroplane
  4. Neither; both must alter course to the right

Explanation

Right-of-way rules give precedence to less manoeuvrable aircraft. A power-driven aeroplane must give way to a glider, airship, or balloon, and the glider therefore has the right of way in this convergence.

Question 35Air Law

A pilot loses two-way radio communication in controlled airspace. Which transponder code should be selected?

  1. 7600 Correct answer.
  2. 7500
  3. 1200
  4. 7700

Explanation

The standard transponder codes are 7500 for unlawful interference, 7600 for radio communication failure, and 7700 for an emergency. Code 1200 is the general VFR code in Canadian airspace.

Question 36Air Law

What is the purpose of Class F airspace in Canada?

  1. To prohibit VFR flight at all altitudes and times
  2. To provide controlled airspace reserved for IFR traffic
  3. To identify special-use airspace Correct answer.
  4. To define mandatory transponder operating areas

Explanation

Class F airspace is special-use airspace established for activities that need protection or notice, such as parachuting, gliding, or military training. It can be advisory or restricted, and it is not simply controlled airspace or a blanket VFR prohibition.

Question 37Air Law

What is the lowest cruising altitude that is appropriate for a VFR flight above 3,000 feet AGL on a magnetic track of 090 degrees in uncontrolled airspace?

  1. 3,500 feet Correct answer.
  2. 5,500 feet
  3. 4,500 feet
  4. 6,500 feet

Explanation

For VFR cruising flight above 3,000 feet AGL, magnetic tracks from 000 to 179 degrees use odd thousands plus 500 feet, while tracks from 180 to 359 degrees use even thousands plus 500 feet. Track 090 is eastbound, so 3,500 feet is the lowest appropriate altitude among the choices.

Question 38Air Law

What certificate or approval is required before a person may operate a commercial air service carrying passengers for hire in Canada?

  1. A commercial pilot licence only
  2. A private pilot licence with a night rating
  3. A certificate of airworthiness for the aircraft only
  4. An air operator certificate issued by Transport Canada Correct answer.

Explanation

A commercial air service carrying passengers for hire requires an air operator certificate issued by Transport Canada. Holding a commercial pilot licence and operating an airworthy aircraft are necessary, but they do not by themselves authorize the commercial service.

Question 39Air Law

Who may sign a maintenance release after maintenance has been performed on a Canadian commercial aeroplane?

  1. An aircraft maintenance engineer with the appropriate rating Correct answer.
  2. A commercial pilot who holds a type rating
  3. The pilot-in-command after reviewing the work
  4. The aircraft owner if the work was minor

Explanation

A maintenance release certifies that maintenance has been performed and the aircraft is airworthy. It must be signed by an aircraft maintenance engineer with the appropriate rating, or by another person authorized under the maintenance rules; pilots and owners cannot sign it merely because they operate or own the aircraft.

Question 40Air Law

At what altitude does a pilot normally change the altimeter setting to the standard pressure of 29.92 inHg in Canadian airspace?

  1. 14,500 feet ASL
  2. 10,000 feet ASL
  3. 17,500 feet ASL
  4. 18,000 feet ASL Correct answer.

Explanation

In Canadian airspace the transition altitude is 18,000 feet ASL. At and above that altitude pilots use the standard pressure setting of 29.92 inHg, while below it they use the local altimeter setting so that terrain clearance is based on current pressure.

Question 41Air Law

What is the minimum age at which a person may be issued a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane in Canada?

  1. 18 years Correct answer.
  2. 21 years
  3. 16 years
  4. 17 years

Explanation

Canadian licensing rules set 18 as the minimum age for a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane; applicants must also meet medical, knowledge, and flight-experience requirements. The licence is not issued solely on reaching the age.

Question 42Air Law

Under Canadian aviation regulations, what is the minimum period that must pass after consuming alcohol before a person may act as a flight crew member?

  1. 24 hours
  2. 4 hours
  3. 8 hours Correct answer.
  4. 12 hours

Explanation

The rule requires at least eight hours between consuming alcohol and acting as a flight crew member, and the person must not be under the influence. It applies regardless of how little alcohol was consumed.

Question 43Air Law

Who has final authority for the operation and safety of an aircraft while it is in flight?

  1. The aircraft owner
  2. The air operator
  3. The air traffic controller
  4. The pilot-in-command Correct answer.

Explanation

The pilot-in-command is responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft and has final authority over decisions affecting the flight. Other parties may assign tasks or issue clearances, but they do not replace that authority.

Question 44Air Law

A commercial pilot plans a daytime VFR flight in an aeroplane. What minimum fuel must be carried beyond the fuel needed to reach the destination aerodrome?

  1. 45 minutes at normal cruising speed
  2. 30 minutes at normal cruising speed Correct answer.
  3. 20 minutes at normal cruising speed
  4. 60 minutes at normal cruising speed

Explanation

For day VFR, the aeroplane must carry enough fuel to reach the destination and then fly for 30 minutes at normal cruising speed. At night the reserve increases to 45 minutes.

Question 45Air Law

Unless taking off or landing, what minimum altitude applies when flying an aeroplane over a built-up area?

  1. 2,000 ft above the highest obstacle within 1,000 ft
  2. 1,000 ft above the highest obstacle within 2,000 ft Correct answer.
  3. 500 ft above the highest obstacle within 2,000 ft
  4. 1,000 ft above ground level at all points

Explanation

Over a built-up area, the aircraft must be operated at least 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet. The lower 500-foot rule applies in areas that are not built-up.

Question 46Air Law

A commercial pilot who is 30 years old holds a Category 1 medical certificate. For how long is that certificate normally valid?

  1. 6 months
  2. 24 months
  3. 12 months Correct answer.
  4. 36 months

Explanation

A Category 1 medical certificate is normally valid for 12 months for a pilot under 40. For pilots aged 40 and over, the validity period is reduced to 6 months.

Question 47Air Law

A pilot is instructed to 'hold short of runway 27.' What must the pilot do?

  1. Continue taxiing but switch to the tower frequency
  2. Enter the runway and line up for takeoff
  3. Cross the runway and wait on the far side
  4. Stop before the runway holding position marking Correct answer.

Explanation

A hold-short instruction requires the aircraft to stop before the designated runway holding position and not cross or enter the runway. Further clearance is needed before proceeding.

Question 48Air Law

An aeroplane is taxiing toward the apron while another aeroplane is on final approach to land. Which aircraft has the right of way?

  1. The aeroplane on final approach to land Correct answer.
  2. The aeroplane that first contacted the tower
  3. The aeroplane with the higher gross weight
  4. The taxiing aeroplane, because it is already on the ground

Explanation

An aircraft on the ground must give way to an aircraft that is landing or taking off. The landing aeroplane therefore has the right of way, and the taxiing pilot should stop or hold clear.

Question 49Air Law

A VFR flight in an aeroplane is planned through Class C controlled airspace. Which combination of requirements applies?

  1. Two-way radio only, with no ATC clearance required
  2. ATC clearance, radio, and Mode C transponder Correct answer.
  3. A flight plan only, with no radio or transponder required
  4. A transponder only, with no ATC clearance required

Explanation

VFR aircraft in Class C airspace require an ATC clearance and must be equipped with two-way radio and a transponder with Mode C. The clearance ensures separation from other controlled traffic.

Question 50Air Law

A pilot holds a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane with a single-engine land class rating. What is required before acting as pilot-in-command of a multi-engine land aeroplane?

  1. No additional rating, because a CPL covers all aeroplanes
  2. A multi-engine class rating Correct answer.
  3. An instrument rating only
  4. A type rating for every multi-engine model flown

Explanation

A commercial pilot licence includes only the class ratings held; acting as PIC of a multi-engine aeroplane requires a multi-engine class rating. A type rating is generally required only for aircraft specifically designated as requiring one.