Reading Comprehension and Passage Analysis
Read for structure, not just content
Strong readers map a passage before answering. Identify the main claim, the supporting evidence, and the author's attitude. Notice signal words: however and although mark contrast, therefore and consequently mark conclusions, and for example marks illustration. Questions often target these transitions because they reveal logical relationships. Distinguish the main idea from a supporting detail; a true statement can still be the wrong answer if the stem asks for the central point.
Answer from the text
Every correct answer must be supported by the passage. Traps include the plausible-but-unsupported option, the true-but-irrelevant detail, the overstatement that goes beyond the author's hedge, and the reversal that swaps cause and effect. Watch for extreme words such as always, never, and proves; academic and business prose usually qualifies claims. When a stem asks what can be inferred, choose the smallest step beyond the text, not a leap.
Handle vocabulary in context
For a word-in-context item, substitute each option into the sentence and test whether the surrounding logic still holds. The dictionary's first definition is often the wrong choice.
Worked example
Passage sentence: "Although the pilot program reduced processing time, participation remained low, suggesting that speed alone does not drive adoption."
Stem: What can be inferred about adoption?
Step 1: The although signals contrast: speed improved, participation did not. Step 2: The suggesting clause states the conclusion: speed alone is insufficient. Step 3: Eliminate options claiming the program failed (participation was low, but processing improved) and options claiming speed is irrelevant (the author says speed alone is insufficient). The correct inference is that other factors influence adoption.
Rule of thumb: locate the sentence that answers the stem, then choose the option closest to its exact wording and scope.