Pre-Ride Checks and Maintenance
The Pre-Ride Habit
A short, systematic check before every ride prevents most breakdowns and many crashes. Use a consistent routine so nothing is skipped. A common framework is tyres, controls, lights, fluids and chain, plus a walk-around.
What to Check
Tyres: correct pressure when cold, adequate tread, no cuts, bulges or embedded objects. Controls: throttle returns freely, clutch and brakes operate smoothly, levers are firm and not spongy, steering moves freely with no binding. Lights and electrics: headlight, tail light, brake light, indicators and horn. Fluids: engine oil, brake fluid, coolant where applicable, and fuel. Chain or belt: correct tension and lubrication, no worn or missing parts. Mirrors: adjusted before you set off. Also check the side stand is fully up and the bike is stable.
Maintenance Mindset
Worn tyres, a loose chain and a spongy brake are not minor; they directly cause loss of control. Know that brake fluid absorbs moisture over time and that tyres age even with good tread. Keep records and follow the manufacturer's service schedule.
Traps
Exam questions often ask for the first or most important check, or what to do if you find a fault: do not ride until it is fixed. Another trap is checking tyre pressure when the tyres are hot, which gives a falsely high reading.
Worked Example
You find the brake lever feels soft and travels further than usual. That suggests air or fluid loss in the system. Do not ride; have it inspected and repaired. A soft brake may fail completely under hard use.