CEH
Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH)
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Cheat sheet
Keep the key ideas within reach.
ExploreKey terms
Get comfortable with the vocabulary.
ExploreStudy plan
Give each week a clear focus.
ExploreCommon mistakes
Understand the traps and how to avoid them.
ExploreCase studies
Put your knowledge to work in context.
ExploreExam-day guide
Prepare for the day ahead.
ExploreAbout this exam
The Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) is EC-Council's flagship ethical hacking credential, currently delivered as CEH v13 with AI capabilities built into the curriculum. It is aimed at security analysts, administrators, auditors, SOC staff, consultants and aspiring penetration testers who need to understand how attackers reconnoiter, exploit and persist - so they can find and fix weaknesses first. The program is structured across 20 learning modules covering over 550 attack techniques and 221 hands-on labs, with access to a cloud-based cyber range containing more than 4,000 hacking and security tools. Content spans footprinting and reconnaissance, scanning and enumeration, vulnerability analysis, system hacking, malware, sniffing, social engineering, denial-of-service, session hijacking, IDS/firewall/honeypot evasion, web server and web application attacks, SQL injection, wireless, mobile, IoT/OT, cloud and cryptography. Assessment is two-tier: a 125-question, 4-hour multiple-choice knowledge exam delivered online via the ECC exam portal, and an optional 6-hour practical exam of 20 real-world challenges in the iLabs Cyber Range. Passing the knowledge exam awards the certification; adding the practical earns CEH Master. EC-Council states there are no specific prerequisites but strongly recommends at least two years of IT security experience. Effective preparation means working the modules in order, completing the labs on live targets rather than reading only, and rehearsing the four-phase mock engagement and CTF challenges before exam day. This page is independent study material and is not affiliated with or endorsed by EC-Council.
What you'll study
About CEH preparation
What is the format of the CEH knowledge exam?
It is a multiple-choice exam of 125 questions with a 4-hour duration, delivered online via the ECC exam portal. EC-Council states it tests information security threats and attack vectors, attack detection, attack prevention, procedures and methodologies. There is no separate scenario or essay section in the knowledge exam.
What score do I need to pass?
EC-Council publishes the passing score as a range of 60% to 85% rather than a single fixed cut score, and the same range is listed for the practical exam. Because the exact threshold is not disclosed, prepare to a comfortable margin above the top of that range instead of targeting the minimum.
Do I need the practical exam to be certified?
No. Certification is awarded when the knowledge exam is passed. The practical exam is optional; completing it in addition to the knowledge exam earns the higher CEH Master level. The practical runs 6 hours and consists of 20 real-world challenges delivered through the iLabs Cyber Range.
Are there prerequisites for taking CEH?
EC-Council states there are no specific prerequisites, but strongly recommends a minimum of two years of IT security experience. The course assumes foundational knowledge such as what a port is and how TCP/IP works; it teaches hacking methodology, not basic networking. If you lack that foundation, EC-Council points candidates to its Essentials series first.
Do I need to pay for an OpenAI API key to use the AI features?
No. The AI-enabled labs use the ShellGPT tool across Linux, macOS and Windows shells including PowerShell, CMD, Bash and Zsh. EC-Council provides students with an OpenAI key (an AI Activation Key) free of charge for use inside the CEH AI labs, so no personal API subscription is required.
How should I order my study?
Work the 20 modules in sequence, because later modules assume earlier vocabulary: footprinting and scanning feed enumeration, which feeds vulnerability analysis and system hacking, then web, wireless, mobile, IoT/OT, cloud and cryptography. Complete the hands-on labs in each module on the live targets rather than reading the steps, then attempt the mock engagement and CTF challenges.
What is the most common reason candidates underperform?
Treating it as a memorization test. Recognising a tool name is not the same as knowing which phase of an attack it belongs to or how to read its output. Candidates who skip the 221 hands-on labs and the 550 attack techniques in favour of flashcards tend to struggle with questions that describe a scenario and ask for the next step or the matching countermeasure.
Is the CEH exam taken at a test centre?
EC-Council lists delivery of the knowledge exam as online via the ECC exam portal, and delivery of the practical exam through the iLabs Cyber Range. Confirm current scheduling, identity verification and remote-proctoring requirements with EC-Council directly at the time you book, as logistics can change between program versions.
What happens if I fail, and how long is the certification valid?
EC-Council does not state a retake policy, retake fee or certification validity period on the CEH program page reviewed for this summary, so those details cannot be confirmed here. Contact EC-Council or an authorized training partner before booking so you understand the retake terms and any recertification or continuing education obligations.
Who is CEH actually intended for?
EC-Council positions it for cybersecurity professionals advancing their careers, teams and organizations standardizing skills, government and military bodies, and educators building courses. It maps to over 45 job roles including security analyst, SOC analyst, vulnerability assessment analyst, penetration tester, red team specialist and AI security roles.