Motorcyclist down in a blind bend at dusk

The order is: protect the scene, remove ignition sources, treat the casualty, call for help.

1. Stop before the scene, not at it. Hazard lights on, hi-vis vest on before you open the door. You are no use as a helper if you become the second casualty in a fast bend.
2. Warn the traffic. Place the warning triangle far enough back for a driver at 80 km/h to react, so roughly 100 m on this road, and because the bend is blind, on the approach before the bend where it can actually be seen. Do not walk into the lane on the blind side.
3. Switch off the motorcycle's ignition and keep everyone away from the spilled petrol: no smoking, no naked flame, no phone use right next to the fuel. A hot exhaust plus petrol vapour is a real ignition risk.
4. Check the casualty: response, airway, breathing. Unconscious but breathing means he needs continuous airway monitoring, not a rushed move.
5. Call 144 (or 112). With one bar of coverage, try, and if it fails use an emergency SMS or flag down a passing car. Report the road number and nearest village or kilometre marker, one unconscious motorcyclist breathing but not responding, a fuel spill, a partly blocked lane, and your callback number.
6. Keep the airway open and monitor until the ambulance arrives; if breathing stops, start CPR. Do not leave him alone.

The order protects each later step: without warning the traffic, both of you can be hit; without killing the ignition, a spark can turn the scene into a fire.

Not routinely. Here, probably yes with help, but only if the airway cannot be kept clear.

Default: leave the helmet on. Removing it moves the cervical spine, and after a motorcycle crash a spinal injury is a real possibility; professional crews do it with two people and a fixed technique. Opening the visor and loosening the strap is enough for most casualties.

The exception is an airway that cannot be maintained. Noisy, irregular breathing suggests partial obstruction by the tongue falling back, by blood or secretions, or by vomit. Then:

1. Open the visor, remove glasses, and clear the mouth.
2. Try a jaw thrust or chin lift without tilting the head back; the chin bar limits this but does not prevent it.
3. If breathing is still not clear, remove the helmet with a second person: one kneels at the head, holds the helmet on both sides and keeps the head steady; the other gently widens the helmet at the sides and pulls it straight off in line with the neck. The first keeps the head and neck aligned. Never twist or rock the head.
4. Afterwards keep the head aligned, monitor breathing, and be ready to start CPR. In a full-face helmet that means removing it in any case to give rescue breaths.

If you are alone and the airway can be kept clear without removal, wait for the ambulance.

Only if there is fire, or an immediate threat of it.

Weigh the two risks consciously:

• Moving him risks turning a possible spinal injury into paralysis, and one untrained person struggles to move a limp adult.
• Not moving him risks a flash fire. Petrol running across hot asphalt towards a hot exhaust is a genuine hazard, and a fire at that spot would be unsurvivable.

Sequence:

1. Remove the ignition source first: kill switch and ignition off, no smoking, no engines running nearby, bystanders back. This usually reduces the risk enough that you do not need to move him.
2. Keep him where he is and monitor the airway while you do this; it takes seconds, not minutes.
3. If fire starts, or fuel reaches the exhaust and ignites, move him immediately: grip under the shoulders, pull along the long axis of the body, keeping head and trunk as aligned as you can, and get at least 10 to 15 m upwind.
4. Tell the emergency dispatcher about the fuel spill so that the fire service is dispatched as well.

The general rule: an unconscious casualty is moved only for a greater danger. Fire is such a danger; a blocked lane is not, because your warning triangle and other drivers can stop the traffic.