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Dell PowerMax Operate practice questions

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Question 1PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

In a PowerMax array, which hardware component is responsible for executing the data-path I/O processing and running the HYPERMAXOS/ PowerMaxOS microcode?

  1. The director/node pair Correct answer.
  2. The service processor (SP)
  3. The link control card (LCC)
  4. The system bay management module

Explanation

Directors (nodes) are the compute engines of the array; they run the operating environment microcode and handle front-end host I/O and back-end disk I/O. The service processor and management modules are for out-of-band control, not data-path processing.

Question 2PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

A PowerMax system uses two directors configured as a pair. What is the primary purpose of pairing directors?

  1. To double the front-end port count per engine
  2. To allow the array to run two different operating environments at once
  3. To provide redundancy and share the mirrored cache across the pair Correct answer.
  4. To increase the physical capacity of each DAE

Explanation

Directors are deployed in pairs so that each partner can take over the other's workload and so that mirrored cache memory is maintained across both. This redundancy keeps I/O available if one director fails.

Question 3PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

What type of memory do PowerMax directors use to hold write data before it is destaged to back-end drives?

  1. Non-volatile flash cache on the DAE
  2. Global mirrored cache in director memory Correct answer.
  3. Host-side page cache
  4. Read-only firmware ROM

Explanation

Writes are acknowledged into the global cache, which is mirrored between the two directors in a pair so a single director failure does not lose data. Destaging later flushes the data to the back-end drives.

Question 4PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which PowerMax component houses the disk drives that provide persistent capacity for the array?

  1. The management module
  2. The disk array enclosure (DAE) Correct answer.
  3. The front-end director
  4. The system bay

Explanation

DAEs are the enclosures that hold the drives and connect them to the back-end of the array. The system bay holds directors, while management modules handle control-plane functions.

Question 5PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

In a PowerMax architecture, what is the role of the back-end director ports?

  1. They connect directors to the DAE drive loops Correct answer.
  2. They present LUNs to host HBAs
  3. They connect the array to a remote replication site
  4. They provide the out-of-band management network

Explanation

Back-end ports connect the directors to the drive enclosures over the back-end loops, carrying read and write traffic to the drives. Front-end ports serve host I/O, and management ports serve the control plane.

Question 6PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

A PowerMax system is described as using an end-to-end NVMe architecture. What does this primarily mean for the array?

  1. Cache is disabled in favor of direct drive access
  2. NVMe is used from the host-facing front end through to the back-end media Correct answer.
  3. Only SATA drives are supported in the DAEs
  4. The array relies exclusively on Fibre Channel protocol for all connections

Explanation

PowerMax is designed with NVMe across the front end, internal fabric, and back-end media, which reduces protocol translation and latency. It does not mean cache is removed or that only one transport is used.

Question 7PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

What is the function of the service processor in a PowerMax array?

  1. It performs the majority of host read I/O
  2. It provides out-of-band management access and call-home/monitoring functions Correct answer.
  3. It acts as the primary back-end drive controller
  4. It stores the mirrored write cache

Explanation

The service processor is a management component that supports out-of-band access, health monitoring, and call-home connectivity. It does not participate in the data path for host reads or cache mirroring.

Question 8PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Why does PowerMax mirror cache between the two directors in a pair?

  1. To allow each director to run a separate operating environment
  2. To reduce the total amount of cache needed
  3. To compress data before destaging
  4. To ensure write data survives the loss of a single director Correct answer.

Explanation

Mirroring means each write is held in both directors' cache, so if one director fails its partner still has the data. This protects acknowledged writes until they are destaged.

Question 9PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

An administrator needs to add persistent capacity to an existing PowerMax array. Which component would typically be added?

  1. An additional service processor
  2. Additional disk array enclosures (DAEs) Correct answer.
  3. An additional management module
  4. A second system bay management interface

Explanation

Persistent capacity comes from drives housed in DAEs, so adding DAEs increases usable capacity. Service processors and management modules serve control functions and do not add storage.

Question 10PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

In PowerMax terminology, what is an 'engine'?

  1. A software process running on the host
  2. A remote replication session
  3. A single director pair with its associated cache and connectivity Correct answer.
  4. A single physical drive in a DAE

Explanation

An engine comprises a pair of directors together with their cache and front-end/back-end connectivity, forming a unit of processing and redundancy. Multiple engines can exist in larger arrays.

Question 11PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which statement best describes the PowerMax internal fabric between directors and back-end storage?

  1. It is a host-facing SAN zone
  2. It is a serial console connection used only for diagnostics
  3. It is a high-speed fabric carrying NVMe traffic to the drives Correct answer.
  4. It is a shared Ethernet management LAN

Explanation

The internal fabric carries data-path traffic between directors and the NVMe back-end media at high speed. Management LANs and console connections are separate control-plane paths.

Question 12PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

What distinguishes a PowerMax 'brick' in the hardware architecture?

  1. A host HBA port
  2. A single drive slot in a DAE
  3. A cache partition reserved for replication
  4. A grouping of components such as directors, DAEs, and fabric that scales capacity and performance Correct answer.

Explanation

Bricks are building blocks that combine compute, connectivity, and storage resources so the array can scale. They are not single drives or host ports.

Question 13PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

A site needs to know how PowerMax protects against the failure of a single front-end port or cable. Which design element provides this?

  1. Relying on the service processor to reroute I/O
  2. Multipathing from hosts across redundant directors and ports Correct answer.
  3. Disabling cache mirroring
  4. Using a single high-capacity DAE

Explanation

Host multipathing software uses redundant paths through separate directors and ports so a failed port or cable does not stop I/O. The service processor does not reroute data-path I/O.

Question 14PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which PowerMax component is primarily responsible for environmental monitoring and management of the array's hardware state?

  1. The management module Correct answer.
  2. The host multipath driver
  3. The global cache
  4. The front-end director

Explanation

Management modules handle environmental monitoring and control-plane management of hardware state. Directors and cache are data-path elements, and host drivers are external.

Question 15PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

What is the purpose of the link control card (LCC) in a PowerMax DAE?

  1. It provides the array's web management interface
  2. It provides connectivity and control between the DAE and the array's back-end Correct answer.
  3. It executes host read I/O
  4. It stores mirrored cache

Explanation

The LCC manages connectivity and control for the drive enclosure on the back-end. It does not process host I/O or hold cache.

Question 16PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which factor best explains why PowerMax uses NVMe media in its back-end rather than legacy SAS drives?

  1. NVMe eliminates the need for cache
  2. NVMe drives are always cheaper per gigabyte
  3. NVMe reduces protocol overhead and latency for high-performance I/O Correct answer.
  4. NVMe removes the need for redundant directors

Explanation

NVMe is designed for low-latency, high-parallelism access, which suits an all-flash array's performance goals. It does not remove the need for cache or redundant directors.

Question 17PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

In a PowerMax array, what does the term 'front-end' refer to?

  1. The host-facing connectivity and directors that serve I/O requests Correct answer.
  2. The drives and enclosures at the back of the rack
  3. The internal cache mirroring path
  4. The environmental monitoring subsystem

Explanation

The front end is the host-facing side of the array, including directors and ports that receive and serve I/O. The back end refers to the drive side.

Question 18PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which statement accurately describes how PowerMax cache is used for reads?

  1. Reads bypass cache entirely and always go to drive
  2. Reads are only cached on the host HBA
  3. Read data may be retained in global cache to serve subsequent requests Correct answer.
  4. Reads are stored in the service processor's memory

Explanation

Global cache holds recently accessed data so repeated reads can be served without going to the back-end media. This improves latency and reduces drive load.

Question 19PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

What is the main architectural benefit of PowerMax's multi-engine design?

  1. It limits the array to a single host connection
  2. It allows the array to scale performance and capacity by adding engines Correct answer.
  3. It requires all I/O to pass through the service processor
  4. It removes the need for back-end drives

Explanation

Adding engines increases processing power and connectivity, allowing performance and capacity to scale. The design still relies on back-end drives and does not route I/O through the service processor.

Question 20PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which component would an administrator check first when investigating a hardware alert about an enclosure's drive connectivity path?

  1. The link control card (LCC) on the DAE Correct answer.
  2. The front-end director's host port
  3. The global cache partition
  4. The host multipath driver

Explanation

The LCC manages connectivity and control for the DAE's drives, so a drive-path alert in an enclosure points there first. Host drivers and front-end ports relate to host connectivity.

Question 21PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which statement about PowerMax director redundancy is correct?

  1. Both directors in a pair must be powered off together for maintenance
  2. Each director in a pair can take over the partner's workload if the partner fails Correct answer.
  3. Only one director in a pair ever processes I/O at a time
  4. Director pairs share a single cache that is not mirrored

Explanation

Directors in a pair operate with failover capability so the surviving partner can continue serving I/O. Cache is mirrored across both directors to support this.

Question 22PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

What is the role of the system bay in a PowerMax array?

  1. It provides the external SAN switch fabric
  2. It houses core components such as directors and management hardware Correct answer.
  3. It holds only the host HBAs
  4. It stores only archived backup data

Explanation

The system bay contains core processing and management components, including directors. It is not the host HBA location or an external switch fabric.

Question 23PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which PowerMax hardware element is directly responsible for presenting LUNs to a host over a SAN?

  1. A DAE link control card
  2. A back-end drive loop
  3. The service processor
  4. A front-end director port Correct answer.

Explanation

Front-end director ports connect to the SAN and present LUNs to hosts. Back-end loops, the service processor, and LCCs are internal or management elements.

Question 24PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

An architect is comparing a single-engine PowerMax configuration with a larger multi-engine one. Which resource scales most directly with the number of engines?

  1. The physical size of each individual drive
  2. The capacity of a single DAE slot
  3. The number of director pairs and their aggregate processing capacity Correct answer.
  4. The speed of the host's CPU

Explanation

Each engine contributes a director pair and associated processing, so adding engines increases aggregate compute and connectivity. Drive size, host CPU, and slot capacity are independent of engine count.

Question 25PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which statement best describes how PowerMax handles a write before acknowledging it to the host?

  1. It holds the write only in host memory until destage
  2. It writes the data into mirrored global cache on both directors Correct answer.
  3. It writes to the service processor's disk first
  4. It writes directly to a single drive and then acknowledges

Explanation

A write is placed in global cache and mirrored to the partner director before acknowledgement, protecting it against a single director failure. Destaging to back-end media happens later.

Question 26PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

A PowerMax array is being planned with two engines in a single system bay. Which statement correctly describes the relationship between engines and directors in this configuration?

  1. Each engine contains two directors, and each director belongs to one of the two engines. Correct answer.
  2. A single director can be assigned to either engine dynamically during operation.
  3. Each engine contains four directors, and directors are shared across both engines.
  4. Engines contain no directors; directors are housed only in the system bay's management enclosure.

Explanation

In PowerMax hardware, an engine is a pair of directors (two director slots) plus its associated back-end connectivity, and a system bay can hold up to two engines. Directors are therefore tied to a specific engine rather than shared or dynamically reassigned between engines.

Question 27PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

When sizing a PowerMax configuration, which resource is provided by the directors rather than by the DAEs?

  1. Enclosure power and cooling distribution
  2. Persistent data capacity for user volumes
  3. Physical drive slots for NVMe media
  4. Front-end host connectivity and cache memory Correct answer.

Explanation

Directors are the compute nodes that supply host I/O ports and hold the array's global cache. DAEs supply drive slots and the physical media, so capacity and media placement are DAE responsibilities.

Question 28PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

An administrator observes that a PowerMax array continues serving host I/O after one director in an engine pair fails. Which design element most directly accounts for this behavior?

  1. The failed director's cache is discarded and hosts retry until the peer rebuilds it from disk.
  2. The DAE link control cards reroute host traffic directly to the back-end drives.
  3. The peer director takes over the failed director's devices and continues servicing I/O using mirrored cache. Correct answer.
  4. The service processor promotes a spare director from the second engine into the failed slot.

Explanation

Directors in an engine pair operate as partners: cache is mirrored between them, so when one fails the surviving director can take ownership of the affected devices and continue I/O without losing acknowledged writes. Failover is between paired directors, not via spare hardware pulled from another engine.

Question 29PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

Which statement best describes the role of global memory (cache) in a PowerMax array during normal read operations?

  1. Cache holds only write-pending data and never retains read data.
  2. Reads bypass cache entirely and are always served from the NVMe back-end media.
  3. Read data is cached so that subsequent requests for the same tracks can be served from memory. Correct answer.
  4. Read data is written to cache only after the corresponding write to disk completes.

Explanation

PowerMax uses global memory to cache read data in addition to buffering writes, allowing repeated access to the same tracks to be satisfied from memory rather than from back-end media. This read caching is a core reason cache size influences performance.

Question 30PowerMax Architecture and Hardware Components

A performance analyst is comparing two PowerMax arrays: one with a single engine and one with four engines. Assuming similar front-end port counts per director, which resource scales most directly with the number of engines?

  1. The number of drive slots contained in each individual DAE
  2. The management IP address assigned to the service processor
  3. The aggregate cache capacity and director count available to the array Correct answer.
  4. The maximum number of hosts allowed in a single masking view

Explanation

Adding engines adds director pairs, and each director contributes cache and front-end connectivity, so aggregate cache and director count grow with engine count. Per-DAE slot counts and management addressing are fixed characteristics unrelated to how many engines are installed.

Question 31Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

In Unisphere for PowerMax, which default TCP port is used for HTTPS access to the browser-based management interface?

  1. 443 Correct answer.
  2. 22
  3. 8443
  4. 5989

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax serves its browser interface over HTTPS on port 443 by default, which is why administrators reach it with a plain https://host address. Port 8443 is the default for other Dell management tools such as Solutions Enabler SMI-S, and 5989 is CIM over HTTPS.

Question 32Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

A storage administrator needs to open the Unisphere for PowerMax interface without installing a thick client. Which access method satisfies this requirement?

  1. A Java applet launched from Solutions Enabler
  2. A terminal session running symcli commands
  3. A Windows-only desktop client installed on each workstation
  4. A supported web browser connecting over HTTPS Correct answer.

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax is a web-based management application, so any supported browser reaching the Unisphere host over HTTPS provides full functionality without local installation. The other options describe command-line or legacy client approaches rather than the browser interface.

Question 33Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which two roles does Unisphere for PowerMax use to control what a logged-in user can see and change?

  1. Array-level SNMP community strings
  2. Authorization roles such as administrator, storage administrator, and monitor Correct answer.
  3. Local Linux groups mapped to sudo privileges
  4. Host multipath policy settings

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax assigns authorization roles to users, and the role determines which operations and objects are available after authentication. Typical roles include administrator, storage administrator, and monitor, each with a different scope of permitted actions.

Question 34Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

What is the purpose of registering a Unisphere for PowerMax instance in a multi-array environment?

  1. To let one Unisphere instance manage and monitor multiple PowerMax arrays from a single interface Correct answer.
  2. To replace Solutions Enabler gatekeepers with host-based agents
  3. To convert thin devices into fully provisioned devices
  4. To replicate data between arrays without SRDF

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax can manage several arrays, and each array must be discovered or registered so the interface can present its inventory and allow operations. This centralizes management rather than requiring a separate console per array.

Question 35Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which component must be reachable by the Unisphere for PowerMax server so it can issue provisioning and masking commands to an array?

  1. The array's management console serial port
  2. The customer's SMTP relay
  3. The Solutions Enabler gatekeeper devices on the array Correct answer.
  4. The host's iSCSI initiator

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax relies on Solutions Enabler to communicate with arrays, and Solutions Enabler uses gatekeeper devices to carry management commands. Without reachable gatekeepers, discovery may succeed while configuration operations fail.

Question 36Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

An administrator wants Unisphere for PowerMax to email alerts when a director or device fails. Which setting must be configured?

  1. An SMTP server address and recipient list in the alert notification settings Correct answer.
  2. A syslog server with TCP port 514 only
  3. An LDAP bind account with read-only rights
  4. A vSphere distributed switch

Explanation

Email alerting requires Unisphere to know which SMTP relay to use and which recipients should receive notifications. Syslog and SNMP are separate notification channels and do not deliver email.

Question 37Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which Unisphere for PowerMax feature provides a consolidated view of performance metrics across arrays for capacity and health trending?

  1. Performance and health dashboards Correct answer.
  2. The symmaskdb command
  3. The gatekeeper pool editor
  4. The device emulation utility

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax includes dashboards that aggregate performance and health data so administrators can trend utilization and spot anomalies. Command-line utilities and configuration editors do not provide the consolidated graphical trending view.

Question 38Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

A user can log in to Unisphere for PowerMax but cannot see any arrays. Which condition most directly explains this?

  1. The user's browser cache is full
  2. The host multipath driver is outdated
  3. The user's role lacks access to the arrays or the arrays were never discovered Correct answer.
  4. The array's SRDF links are suspended

Explanation

Visibility in Unisphere is governed by both array discovery and the authorization role assigned to the user. If discovery has not occurred or the role restricts array access, the inventory appears empty even though login succeeds.

Question 39Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which Unisphere for PowerMax capability allows an administrator to run a report on historical array performance over the past week?

  1. The host HBA queue depth setting
  2. The symconfigure commit pending command
  3. The array's cache flush schedule
  4. Performance data collection with historical metrics stored in the Unisphere database Correct answer.

Explanation

Unisphere collects performance metrics and retains them in its database so administrators can review historical trends rather than only real-time values. Configuration commands and host settings do not provide historical performance reporting.

Question 40Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

An administrator needs to automate Unisphere for PowerMax operations from scripts. Which interface should be used?

  1. The array's serial console
  2. The Unisphere REST API Correct answer.
  3. The Solutions Enabler license file
  4. The host's /etc/hosts file

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax exposes a REST API that lets scripts authenticate and perform management operations programmatically. Serial consoles, license files, and host files do not provide programmable management endpoints.

Question 41Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Before performing a non-disruptive migration through Unisphere for PowerMax, which prerequisite should be verified for the source and target arrays?

  1. The target array has no gatekeeper devices
  2. The source array is in a failed-over SRDF state
  3. Both arrays are discovered and registered in the same Unisphere instance Correct answer.
  4. The arrays use different Solutions Enabler versions on the same host

Explanation

Non-disruptive migration orchestrated from Unisphere requires the involved arrays to be visible to the managing instance so it can coordinate the operation. Gatekeepers must exist, and mismatched or missing management access blocks the workflow.

Question 42Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

A storage administrator wants to create a masking view for a new host. Which Unisphere for PowerMax construct groups the host, port group, and storage group?

  1. A gatekeeper pool
  2. A snapshot policy
  3. A masking view Correct answer.
  4. A thin pool

Explanation

A masking view associates an initiator group, a port group, and a storage group so the host can see the intended devices through the specified front-end ports. Thin pools, gatekeeper pools, and snapshot policies serve different purposes.

Question 43Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which Unisphere for PowerMax view would an administrator use to identify which initiator is zoned to a specific front-end port?

  1. The alert notification log
  2. The SRDF topology report
  3. The array's cache statistics page
  4. The masking view details showing initiator and port group membership Correct answer.

Explanation

Masking view details expose the initiator group and port group that connect hosts to front-end ports, which is exactly what is needed to trace zoning. Cache statistics, SRDF topology, and alert logs describe other aspects of array behavior.

Question 44Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

What does Unisphere for PowerMax use to authenticate users against a corporate directory?

  1. The host's PAM configuration
  2. SNMPv3 user credentials
  3. The array's internal user database only
  4. An LDAP or Active Directory integration configured in the security settings Correct answer.

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax can integrate with LDAP or Active Directory so users authenticate with corporate credentials and receive mapped roles. SNMPv3 and host PAM are unrelated to Unisphere user authentication.

Question 45Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

An administrator needs to confirm that Unisphere for PowerMax is receiving events from a newly added array. Which action is most appropriate?

  1. Reboot the array's management module
  2. Reinstall the host multipath driver
  3. Disable SRDF on the array
  4. Check the array's discovery status and the alert/event log in Unisphere Correct answer.

Explanation

If events are missing, the first step is to verify the array is discovered and healthy in Unisphere and then inspect the event log for incoming alerts. Rebooting modules or changing replication is disruptive and unrelated to event delivery.

Question 46Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which statement best describes the relationship between Unisphere for PowerMax and Solutions Enabler?

  1. Solutions Enabler runs only on the array's service processor
  2. Solutions Enabler is a browser plug-in for Unisphere
  3. Unisphere uses Solutions Enabler services to communicate with arrays Correct answer.
  4. Unisphere replaces Solutions Enabler entirely

Explanation

Unisphere for PowerMax depends on Solutions Enabler to discover and manage arrays, using its services and gatekeeper devices. It is a separate management layer rather than a replacement or a browser plug-in.

Question 47Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

A user reports that Unisphere for PowerMax is slow when displaying performance charts for a large array. Which factor most likely contributes?

  1. The number of host HBA WWNs
  2. The array's front-end port count
  3. The array's cache size
  4. The volume of collected performance metrics and the retention settings in the Unisphere database Correct answer.

Explanation

Performance chart responsiveness depends on how much metric data Unisphere has collected and how long it retains it. Large datasets and long retention increase query load, while port counts, WWNs, and cache size do not directly drive console chart rendering.

Question 48Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which Unisphere for PowerMax feature allows an administrator to schedule a recurring snapshot of a storage group without scripting?

  1. An SNMP trap destination
  2. An LDAP role mapping
  3. A snapshot policy attached to the storage group Correct answer.
  4. A gatekeeper pool assignment

Explanation

Snapshot policies define a schedule and retention for point-in-time copies and can be attached to storage groups so copies are created automatically. Gatekeepers, role mappings, and trap destinations do not schedule snapshots.

Question 49Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

An administrator wants to delegate read-only monitoring of array health to a group of operators. Which approach follows least-privilege practice in Unisphere for PowerMax?

  1. Assign the operators the administrator role on all arrays
  2. Assign the operators the monitor role scoped to the relevant arrays Correct answer.
  3. Grant operators local root on the Unisphere host
  4. Share a single administrator account among operators

Explanation

Least privilege means granting only the permissions needed for the task, so a monitor role scoped to the arrays in question is appropriate for read-only health checks. Administrator rights, shared accounts, and host root access exceed the requirement and weaken accountability.

Question 50Unisphere for PowerMax and Management Interfaces

Which Unisphere for PowerMax capability supports generating a report of storage capacity consumed per storage group?

  1. Capacity reporting and dashboards Correct answer.
  2. The gatekeeper device editor
  3. The SRDF link editor
  4. The alert threshold editor

Explanation

Unisphere provides capacity reporting and dashboards that break down consumption by storage group and pool. The other editors configure management devices, replication links, or alert thresholds rather than capacity reporting.