Enough total cores but insufficient surviving capacity

A fictional simplified workload model requires twelve available CPU cores during its target peak. A proposed redundant design has two identical eight-core servers and assumes the whole workload can run on either remaining server after a single failure. A colleague adds sixteen installed cores and declares both peak capacity and single-server resilience proved. Another calculates what remains under the specified failure and notes that no additional capacity reduction or performance evidence has been supplied. This written exercise runs no load and allocates no infrastructure. It asks the learner to distinguish installed aggregate capacity from surviving capacity, identify the unsupported resilience claim and state what a qualified actual design comparison still needs.