Road Signs and Signals
Read the shape before the symbol
Almost every sign question is really asking about three things: shape, colour and the action required. Learn the families first and most items answer themselves.
Warning signs are triangles with a red border: bends, crossroads, school crossings, slippery road, animals, road works. They tell you to slow down or adjust position, not to stop.
Regulatory signs are circles. A red-bordered circle is a prohibition (no entry, no overtaking, speed limit, no parking). A blue circle is a mandatory instruction (turn left ahead, keep left, minimum speed, route for a vehicle class).
Information and direction signs are rectangles: place names, parking, hospital, one-way street.
Stop and give way
STOP is the only sign that always demands a complete halt, even if the road looks empty. GIVE WAY requires a stop only when traffic is approaching. Both are marked by a solid white stop line or a broken give-way line on the road.
Signals
Lights run red, red-and-amber, green, amber, red. Amber means stop unless you are so close that stopping would be dangerous. A flashing amber at a pedestrian crossing means give way to anyone still on the crossing. Signals from a police officer or authorised traffic controller override lights, signs and markings.
Trap: questions that swap a shape or colour, or that offer "slow down" for a STOP sign. Ask yourself: does this sign prohibit, command, warn, or simply inform?
Worked rule: red circle with a white bar = NO ENTRY (you must not proceed); blue circle with a white arrow = you must go that way. Same arrow, opposite meaning.