Same scatter, shifted measurements

A fictional laboratory compares two pressure measurement methods under a controlled educational protocol. Repeated measurements from the new device cluster tightly together, but are consistently above the reference method by a similar amount. A trainee describes the device as accurate because its results are reproducible. Another trainee calculates a strong correlation between the methods and concludes that they can be substituted without further assessment. The investigators have not yet agreed on an acceptable clinical difference or assessed how the difference changes across the measurement range. The supervisor asks them to distinguish precision, systematic bias and agreement before deciding whether the new device is suitable for its intended use. No patient-management threshold is supplied.