Cargo Handling and Stowage
Cargo Handling and Stowage tests whether the master can plan, supervise and document loading so that the ship remains within strength and stability limits and the cargo arrives sound. It covers general and bulk cargo, containers, dangerous goods, grain, ventilation and cargo documents.
Core rules
- Start from the cargo list, IMDG Code entries/MSDS, segregation table, stack loads, tank-top strength and lashing plan.
- Containers require a verified gross mass (VGM) under SOLAS VI/2 before loading; the ship must also check stack weight and lashing.
- Bulk cargoes need TML/liquefaction checks, trimming, ventilation and, for grain, compliance with the International Grain Code.
- Record hold cleanliness, damage, exceptions and draft survey data.
Worked example
A 20-ft container has tare 2.3 t, cargo 21.5 t and packing 0.2 t. VGM = 2.3 + 21.5 + 0.2 = 24.0 t. If the ship's stack limit for that position is 20 t, the box cannot be loaded there even though the crane can lift it. The reasoning: VGM is the total mass offered for shipment, not the cargo mass alone, and the ship's approved cargo securing manual governs the stow.
Traps
Using cargo mass instead of VGM; misreading 'away from' and 'separated from' in IMDG segregation; ignoring free surface in partly filled tanks; and assuming a CSC plate authorises any stack position. Grain heeling moments and timber deck loads are also common calculation traps.