Creativity and Innovation
What this domain tests
The exam tests the distinction between creativity and innovation, types of innovation, and techniques for turning novel ideas into usable products, services or processes.
Core rules
- Creativity is the generation of original and useful ideas; innovation is the successful implementation of those ideas.
- Invention creates something new; innovation commercialises or applies it.
- Types include product, process, incremental, radical and disruptive innovation.
- The four Ps of creativity are person, process, product and press, where press means the environment.
- Techniques include SCAMPER, brainstorming, lateral thinking, mind mapping and prototyping.
- Barriers include fear of failure, rigid routines, lack of resources, poor reward systems and early criticism.
Worked example
A craft student designs a foldable bamboo lamp, which is a creative idea. She tests a prototype, finds the hinge weak, redesigns it, prices it and sells 40 units at a school fair. The sale and improved process make it an innovation. Reasoning: novelty alone is creativity; adoption and value capture are innovation.
Traps
Do not use creativity and innovation as synonyms. Do not call every invention an innovation. Radical innovation is not simply a small design change. A patent does not guarantee commercial success.