Mizo Ṭawng Zirna (Grammar and Language Usage)
Mizo ṭawng zirna - eng nge exam-in a zawh?
He section hian Mizo ṭawng dan (grammar) a huam: alphabet, thu awm dân (word order), thu tlâk (particles), leh ṭawng hmang dân (usage). Zawhna lo chhuah ṭhin: sentence siam ṭha (correction), thu let (transformation), thumal hming (parts of speech), leh alphabet indawt.
Core rules
- Alphabet: A, AW, B, CH, D, E, F, G, NG, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, R, S, T, Ṭ, U, V, Z - a vaiin 25. 'AW', 'CH', 'NG' hi letter pahnih anga ngaih loh tur; 'Ṭ' chu 'T' aia ri hrang a nei.
- Thu awm dân: S + O + V. Verb chu a tawp berah a kal. Entirnan: 'Ka nu chuan bu a thuk.'
- 'chuan' hi thiltih neihtu (transitive subject) chhinchhiahna a ni.
- Verb hmaa 'a' hi mi thumna (3rd person) a ni; 'ka' tih a nih chuan 'ka thuk' a ni ang.
- Thu tlâk: 'lo' (negative), 'ang' (future), 'tawh' (perfect), 'mek' (progressive), 'dawn' (near future), 'em' (question), 'suh' (negative imperative), 'te' (plural).
- Numera: pakhat, pahnih, pathum, pali, panga, paruk, pasarih, pariat, pakua, sawm; sawm leh pakhat = 11.
- Mizo hi ṭawng ri chi li (four tones) nei a ni; dictionary leh zirlaibuin a chhinchhiah ṭhin.
Entirna
Bul: 'Ka nu chuan bu a thuk.' (Ka nu = my mother; bu = rice; a thuk = cooked.) (1) Negative: 'Ka nu chuan bu a thuk lo.' - 'lo' chu a tawp berah a awm. (2) Future: 'Ka nu chuan bu a thuk ang.' (3) Question: 'I nu chuan bu a thuk em?' (4) Perfect: 'Ka nu chuan bu a thuk tawh.' (5) Negative imperative: 'Bu thuk suh.' Chhan dân: thu tlâk zawng zawng hi verb hnuah a awm a, word order a danglam lo; 'chuan' erawh subject zui zel a ni.
Marks hlohna
- 'lo' chu verb hmaa ziak.
- 'a thuk' leh 'ka thuk' tih inthlauh loh (person agreement).
- 'ṭ' aia 't' ziak (ṭawng, ṭha).
- English word order hmang: 'Ka thuk bu' - a dik lo.