AP SSC Mathematics study materials
AP SSC Mathematics study resources

AP SSC Mathematics practice questions

One question at a time. Build your AP SSC Mathematics understanding.

First 50 of 200 questions. Each one lists the choices, the correct answer, and an explanation. The checker at the top of this page saves progress in this browser when it is available.

Continue in the practice tool above to load more questions, 50 at a time.

Question 1Real Numbers

For positive integers a and b, Euclid’s division lemma gives unique integers q and r satisfying a = bq + r. Which condition on r is part of the lemma?

  1. 0 ≤ r < b Correct answer.
  2. 0 ≤ r ≤ b
  3. 0 < r < b
  4. 0 < r ≤ b

Explanation

Euclid’s division lemma requires the remainder to satisfy 0 ≤ r < b; the quotient q may be any integer, but r cannot equal b and cannot be negative. If r were allowed to equal b, uniqueness of q and r would fail because bq + b = b(q + 1) + 0.

Question 2Real Numbers

The prime factorisation of 360 is

  1. 2³ × 3² × 5 Correct answer.
  2. 2⁴ × 3² × 5
  3. 2² × 3³ × 5
  4. 2² × 3² × 5²

Explanation

Factor 360 step by step: 360 = 36 × 10 = (2² × 3²)(2 × 5) = 2³ × 3² × 5. The exponents must match the number of each prime in the product, and the factorisation is unique up to order.

Question 3Real Numbers

If HCF(a, b) = 6 and LCM(a, b) = 72 for positive integers a and b, what is a × b?

  1. 12
  2. 432 Correct answer.
  3. 78
  4. 1,296

Explanation

For any two positive integers a and b, a × b = HCF(a,b) × LCM(a,b). Substituting the given values gives a × b = 6 × 72 = 432.

Question 4Real Numbers

Which of the following rational numbers has a non-terminating recurring decimal expansion?

  1. 9/25
  2. 5/12 Correct answer.
  3. 7/80
  4. 13/40

Explanation

A rational number in lowest terms has a terminating decimal exactly when its denominator has no prime factors other than 2 and 5. For 5/12 the denominator is 12 = 2² × 3, and the factor 3 forces a non-terminating recurring expansion.

Question 5Real Numbers

In the standard proof that √2 is irrational, we assume √2 = p/q with p and q coprime. Squaring gives 2q² = p². Which contradiction follows?

  1. p must be even and q must be odd.
  2. Both p and q must be odd.
  3. Both p and q must be even. Correct answer.
  4. q must divide p.

Explanation

From 2q² = p², the prime 2 divides p², hence p is even; write p = 2k. Then 2q² = 4k², so q² = 2k², which makes q even too, contradicting that p and q are coprime.

Question 6Real Numbers

Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find HCF(867, 255).

  1. 17
  2. 102
  3. 85
  4. 51 Correct answer.

Explanation

Apply the algorithm: 867 = 255 × 3 + 102; 255 = 102 × 2 + 51; 102 = 51 × 2 + 0. The last nonzero remainder is 51, so HCF(867, 255) = 51.

Question 7Real Numbers

What is the least number of marbles that can be put into bags of 12, 15, or 18 marbles each with no marble left over?

  1. 60
  2. 360
  3. 90
  4. 180 Correct answer.

Explanation

The required number must be a multiple of 12, 15, and 18, so the least such number is their LCM. Prime factorisations give 12 = 2² × 3, 15 = 3 × 5, 18 = 2 × 3², so LCM = 2² × 3² × 5 = 180.

Question 8Real Numbers

The value of (√5 + √3)(√5 − √3) is

  1. √15
  2. 15
  3. 8
  4. 2 Correct answer.

Explanation

Use the difference of squares identity: (√5 + √3)(√5 − √3) = (√5)² − (√3)² = 5 − 3 = 2. This is a rational value despite the two irrational factors.

Question 9Real Numbers

The decimal expansion of 1/7 is 0.\overline{142857}. What is the 100th digit after the decimal point?

  1. 8 Correct answer.
  2. 1
  3. 5
  4. 4

Explanation

The repeating block 142857 has length 6. Since 100 = 6 × 16 + 4, the 100th digit is the fourth digit of the block, which is 8.

Question 10Real Numbers

Let a = 2³ × 3² × 5 and b = 2² × 3³ × 7. How many positive divisors of LCM(a, b) are perfect squares?

  1. 2
  2. 6
  3. 8
  4. 4 Correct answer.

Explanation

LCM(a, b) = 2³ × 3³ × 5 × 7, because each prime takes the larger exponent. A square divisor can use even exponents only: for 2, 0 or 2; for 3, 0 or 2; for 5, only 0; for 7, only 0. This gives 2 × 2 × 1 × 1 = 4 such divisors.

Question 11Real Numbers

Simplify: (2^3 × 2^5) ÷ 2^4.

  1. 8
  2. 16 Correct answer.
  3. 24
  4. 256

Explanation

Use the product law a^m × a^n = a^(m+n) to combine the numerator, then the quotient law a^m ÷ a^n = a^(m−n). Here 2^3 × 2^5 = 2^8, and 2^8 ÷ 2^4 = 2^4 = 16.

Question 12Real Numbers

If a = 3^2 × 5 and b = 3 × 5^2, what is HCF(a, b)?

  1. 45
  2. 15 Correct answer.
  3. 75
  4. 225

Explanation

For the HCF, take the smaller power of each common prime factor. Both numbers contain the primes 3 and 5, so HCF = 3^1 × 5^1 = 15.

Question 13Real Numbers

What is the decimal expansion of 3/8?

  1. 0.38
  2. 0.375 Correct answer.
  3. 0.75
  4. 0.3571

Explanation

The denominator 8 = 2^3 has only the prime factor 2, so the decimal terminates. Dividing 3 by 8 gives 0.375 exactly.

Question 14Real Numbers

Using Euclid’s division algorithm, what is HCF(252, 105)?

  1. 42
  2. 7
  3. 105
  4. 21 Correct answer.

Explanation

Euclid’s algorithm gives 252 = 105 × 2 + 42, then 105 = 42 × 2 + 21, then 42 = 21 × 2 + 0. The last non-zero remainder is 21, so HCF(252, 105) = 21.

Question 15Real Numbers

The recurring decimal 0.3636... is equal to which fraction?

  1. 36/100
  2. 7/20
  3. 3/8
  4. 4/11 Correct answer.

Explanation

The repeating block has two digits, so multiply by 100 and subtract the original number. This gives 99x = 36, hence x = 36/99 = 4/11.

Question 16Real Numbers

If x is a rational number and y is an irrational number, which statement is always true?

  1. x/y is rational
  2. x−y is rational
  3. x+y is irrational Correct answer.
  4. xy is always irrational

Explanation

If x + y were rational, then y = (x + y) − x would be the difference of two rational numbers and hence rational. This contradicts y being irrational, so x + y must be irrational.

Question 17Real Numbers

What is the greatest number that divides both 245 and 1029, leaving remainder 5 in each case?

  1. 1024
  2. 16 Correct answer.
  3. 12
  4. 8

Explanation

The required number must divide both 245 − 5 = 240 and 1029 − 5 = 1024, so it is their HCF. Using Euclid’s algorithm, HCF(240, 1024) = 16.

Question 18Real Numbers

Let N = 2^4 × 3^5 × 5^2. What is the smallest positive integer k such that N × k is a perfect square?

  1. 3 Correct answer.
  2. 15
  3. 2
  4. 5

Explanation

A perfect square must have even exponents in its prime factorisation. In N, the exponents 4 and 2 are even, but 5 is odd, so multiplying by 3 changes 3^5 to 3^6.

Question 19Real Numbers

The HCF of two positive integers is 12 and their product is 4320. How many ordered pairs (a, b) of positive integers satisfy these conditions?

  1. 4
  2. 12
  3. 8 Correct answer.
  4. 6

Explanation

Write a = 12m and b = 12n, where m and n are coprime. Then ab = 144mn = 4320, so mn = 30; each prime factor 2, 3, and 5 may be assigned to m or to n, giving 2^3 = 8 ordered pairs.

Question 20Real Numbers

How many positive integers less than 100 have exactly six positive divisors?

  1. 14
  2. 20
  3. 18
  4. 16 Correct answer.

Explanation

A number with exactly six divisors has form p^5 or p^2q for distinct primes. Below 100, p^5 gives only 32; counting p^2q for p = 2, 3, 5, 7 gives 8, 4, 2, and 1 numbers respectively, for a total of 16.

Question 21Sets

The set A = {x : x is an even natural number less than 10}, written in roster form, is

  1. {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}
  2. {2, 4, 6, 8} Correct answer.
  3. {1, 2, 4, 6, 8}
  4. {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

Explanation

Natural numbers begin at 1, so 0 is never an element of a set built from N. The even natural numbers below 10 are 2, 4, 6 and 8, and the roster form lists each of them once inside braces, separated by commas.

Question 22Sets

The set {1, 4, 9, 16, 25} expressed in set-builder form is

  1. {x : x = n³, n ∈ N, n ≤ 3}
  2. {x : x = 2n, n ∈ N, n ≤ 5}
  3. {x : x = n², n ∈ N, n ≤ 5} Correct answer.
  4. {x : x = n², n ∈ N, n ≤ 4}

Explanation

Every listed element is a perfect square: 1 = 1², 4 = 2², 9 = 3², 16 = 4² and 25 = 5². The defining property is therefore x = n² where n runs over the natural numbers 1 to 5.

Question 23Sets

Which of the following sets is an empty set?

  1. {x : x is an odd number divisible by 2} Correct answer.
  2. {x : x ∈ N, x is a multiple of 5 and x < 10}
  3. {x : x is a prime number between 10 and 15}
  4. {x : x ∈ N and x² = 9}

Explanation

A number that leaves remainder 1 on division by 2 can never be exactly divisible by 2, so no number satisfies the condition and the set contains no elements. An empty set is written ∅ and has cardinal number 0.

Question 24Sets

If A = {x : x is a prime number less than 10}, then the number of proper subsets of A is

  1. 15 Correct answer.
  2. 16
  3. 14
  4. 8

Explanation

The primes below 10 are 2, 3, 5 and 7, so n(A) = 4 and A has 2⁴ = 16 subsets in all. A proper subset is any subset other than A itself, so the count is 16 − 1 = 15.

Question 25Sets

In a group of 40 students, 25 like tea, 20 like coffee and 10 like both drinks. The number of students who like at least one of the two drinks is

  1. 35 Correct answer.
  2. 10
  3. 30
  4. 45

Explanation

The students who like at least one drink form the union, and n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B). Substituting gives 25 + 20 − 10 = 35, the 10 being subtracted once because those students were counted in both groups.

Question 26Sets

For any two sets A and B, (A ∪ B)′ is equal to

  1. A′ ∩ B′ Correct answer.
  2. A′ ∪ B′
  3. A ∪ B
  4. A ∩ B

Explanation

De Morgan's law for sets states that the complement of a union is the intersection of the complements. An element lies outside A ∪ B exactly when it lies outside A and also outside B.

Question 27Sets

Which of the following pairs of sets is equal?

  1. A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {3, 2, 1} Correct answer.
  2. A = {1, 2} and B = {1, 2, 3}
  3. A = {2, 4, 6} and B = {1, 3, 5}
  4. A = {a, e, i, o} and B = {a, e, i, u}

Explanation

Two sets are equal when they contain exactly the same elements; the order in which the elements are written has no effect. Only {1, 2, 3} and {3, 2, 1} have identical elements, so only that pair is equal.

Question 28Sets

If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {3, 4, 5, 6}, then A − B is

  1. {3, 4}
  2. {5, 6}
  3. {1, 2} Correct answer.
  4. {1, 2, 5, 6}

Explanation

The difference A − B consists of the elements that belong to A but not to B. Removing the shared elements 3 and 4 from A leaves {1, 2}.

Question 29Sets

In a survey of 60 people, 25 like drink A, 30 like drink B, 20 like drink C, 10 like A and B, 8 like B and C, 5 like A and C, and 3 like all three drinks. The number of people who like none of the three drinks is

  1. 8
  2. 0
  3. 10
  4. 5 Correct answer.

Explanation

By inclusion–exclusion, n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = 25 + 30 + 20 − 10 − 8 − 5 + 3 = 55. Since 55 of the 60 people like at least one drink, 60 − 55 = 5 like none.

Question 30Sets

The set A = {x : x ∈ N, 10 ≤ x ≤ 99 and the sum of the digits of x is 6} contains how many elements?

  1. 6 Correct answer.
  2. 5
  3. 7
  4. 8

Explanation

The condition restricts x to two-digit numbers whose digits add to 6, namely 15, 24, 33, 42, 51 and 60. Counting them gives n(A) = 6.

Question 31Sets

Which of the following is an infinite set?

  1. The set of letters in MATHEMATICS
  2. The set of prime numbers less than 20
  3. The set of all multiples of 7 in N Correct answer.
  4. The set of natural numbers less than 50

Explanation

A set is infinite when its elements cannot be listed exhaustively by counting up to a last element. The natural-number multiples of 7 continue without end: 7, 14, 21, and so on. The other three sets have finitely many members.

Question 32Sets

The roster form of C = {x : x ∈ N, x is a multiple of 4 and x < 18} is

  1. {0, 4, 8, 12, 16}
  2. {1, 4, 8, 12, 16}
  3. {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}
  4. {4, 8, 12, 16} Correct answer.

Explanation

In this syllabus N = {1, 2, 3, ...}, so 0 is not included. The positive multiples of 4 below 18 are 4, 8, 12 and 16, and the next multiple 20 is outside the condition.

Question 33Sets

If n(A) = 7, n(B) = 5 and n(A ∩ B) = 3, then n(A ∪ B) equals

  1. 12
  2. 5
  3. 15
  4. 9 Correct answer.

Explanation

For any two finite sets, n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B). Substituting gives 7 + 5 − 3 = 9, so the union contains 9 elements.

Question 34Sets

If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {4, 5, 6, 7}, then (A − B) ∪ (B − A) is

  1. {1, 2, 3}
  2. {4, 5}
  3. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
  4. {1, 2, 3, 6, 7} Correct answer.

Explanation

A − B contains elements of A not in B, so A − B = {1, 2, 3}; similarly B − A = {6, 7}. Their union is {1, 2, 3, 6, 7}, which lists each element once.

Question 35Sets

Let U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, A = {2, 4, 6, 8} and B = {1, 3, 5, 7}. Then (A ∪ B)′ is

  1. {2, 4, 6, 8}
  2. {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10}
  3. {9, 10} Correct answer.
  4. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

Explanation

First form A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}. The complement in U consists of the elements of U not in this union, namely 9 and 10.

Question 36Sets

If n(A) = 18, n(B) = 14 and n(A ∪ B) = 25, then n(A ∩ B) is

  1. 11
  2. 3
  3. 7 Correct answer.
  4. 21

Explanation

Use n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B). Thus 25 = 18 + 14 − n(A ∩ B), so n(A ∩ B) = 32 − 25 = 7.

Question 37Sets

How many elements are there in the power set of A = {p, q, r, s, t}?

  1. 25
  2. 5
  3. 32 Correct answer.
  4. 10

Explanation

If a set has n elements, its power set has 2^n elements because each element is either included or not included in a subset. Here n = 5, so 2^5 = 32.

Question 38Sets

In a class of 50 students, 28 like cricket, 22 like football and 10 like both. The number of students who like neither cricket nor football is

  1. 40
  2. 20
  3. 10 Correct answer.
  4. 6

Explanation

The number who like at least one game is 28 + 22 − 10 = 40. Since the class has 50 students, those who like neither are 50 − 40 = 10.

Question 39Sets

The number of natural numbers not exceeding 30 that are divisible by 2 or 3 is

  1. 25
  2. 20 Correct answer.
  3. 10
  4. 15

Explanation

Count multiples of 2 up to 30: there are 15, and multiples of 3: there are 10. Multiples of both 2 and 3 are multiples of 6, and there are 5; by inclusion-exclusion the count is 15 + 10 − 5 = 20.

Question 40Sets

Let U be a universal set with n(U) = 40. If n(A) = 22, n(B) = 18 and n(A ∩ B) = 8, then n(A′ ∩ B′) is

  1. 12
  2. 8 Correct answer.
  3. 10
  4. 2

Explanation

By De Morgan's law, A′ ∩ B′ = (A ∪ B)′. Now n(A ∪ B) = 22 + 18 − 8 = 32, so the number outside A ∪ B is 40 − 32 = 8.

Question 41Polynomials

What is the degree of the polynomial 4x^3 - 2x^2 + 7x - 5?

  1. 4
  2. 2
  3. 3 Correct answer.
  4. 1

Explanation

The degree of a polynomial in one variable is the highest power of the variable whose coefficient is non-zero. In 4x^3 - 2x^2 + 7x - 5 the powers present are 3, 2, 1 and 0, and the largest of these is 3, so the polynomial is cubic.

Question 42Polynomials

If p(x) = x^2 - 5x + 6, then what is the value of p(0)?

  1. -6
  2. 6 Correct answer.
  3. 5
  4. 0

Explanation

The value p(0) is obtained by substituting x = 0 in the polynomial. Every term that contains x vanishes, so only the constant term remains: p(0) = 0 - 0 + 6 = 6.

Question 43Polynomials

The graph of a quadratic polynomial y = p(x) cuts the x-axis at two distinct points. How many zeros does p(x) have?

  1. Three
  2. Two Correct answer.
  3. Zero
  4. One

Explanation

A point where the graph meets the x-axis has y = 0, so its x-coordinate is a zero of the polynomial. Two distinct points of intersection therefore give two distinct real zeros, and a quadratic cannot have more than two zeros in any case.

Question 44Polynomials

What is the sum of the zeros of the quadratic polynomial 2x^2 - 8x + 6?

  1. -3
  2. -4
  3. 4 Correct answer.
  4. 3

Explanation

For a quadratic polynomial ax^2 + bx + c, the sum of the zeros is -b/a. Here a = 2 and b = -8, so the sum is -(-8)/2 = 4, which agrees with the zeros 1 and 3 obtained by factorising.

Question 45Polynomials

What is the remainder when p(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4x - 5 is divided by (x - 2)?

  1. 3
  2. 0
  3. 1
  4. -1 Correct answer.

Explanation

By the remainder theorem, dividing p(x) by (x - a) leaves the remainder p(a). Taking a = 2 gives p(2) = 8 - 12 + 8 - 5 = -1, so the remainder is -1.

Question 46Polynomials

If (x - 3) is a factor of the polynomial x^2 - kx + 6, then the value of k is

  1. 5 Correct answer.
  2. 15
  3. 3
  4. -5

Explanation

The factor theorem states that (x - 3) is a factor exactly when p(3) = 0. Substituting gives 9 - 3k + 6 = 0, that is 15 - 3k = 0, so k = 5.

Question 47Polynomials

Which quadratic polynomial has 2 and -5 as its zeros?

  1. x^2 + 3x - 10 Correct answer.
  2. x^2 + 3x + 10
  3. x^2 - 3x - 10
  4. x^2 - 3x + 10

Explanation

A quadratic with zeros alpha and beta is x^2 - (alpha + beta)x + alpha*beta. Here alpha + beta = 2 + (-5) = -3 and alpha*beta = -10, so the polynomial is x^2 - (-3)x + (-10), that is x^2 + 3x - 10.

Question 48Polynomials

If alpha and beta are the zeros of x^2 - 5x + 6, then the value of alpha^2 + beta^2 is

  1. 37
  2. 13 Correct answer.
  3. 25
  4. 12

Explanation

From the coefficients, alpha + beta = 5 and alpha*beta = 6. Using the identity alpha^2 + beta^2 = (alpha + beta)^2 - 2(alpha*beta), we get 25 - 12 = 13, which matches the direct check with zeros 2 and 3.

Question 49Polynomials

One zero of the polynomial 2x^2 - 8x + k is three times the other. The value of k is

  1. 12
  2. 8
  3. 2
  4. 6 Correct answer.

Explanation

Let the zeros be alpha and 3*alpha. Their sum is -(-8)/2 = 4, so 4*alpha = 4 and alpha = 1, making the zeros 1 and 3. Their product is k/2, so k/2 = 3 and therefore k = 6.

Question 50Polynomials

If alpha, beta and gamma are the zeros of the cubic polynomial x^3 - 6x^2 + 11x - 6, then alpha*beta + beta*gamma + gamma*alpha equals

  1. -6
  2. 6
  3. 11 Correct answer.
  4. -11

Explanation

For a cubic ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d, the sum of the products of the zeros taken two at a time is c/a. Here a = 1 and c = 11, so the value is 11, which is confirmed by the zeros 1, 2 and 3 giving 2 + 6 + 3 = 11.