Tools, Equipment and Product Knowledge
What the exam tests
This domain tests identification, safe use, maintenance and storage of salon tools, equipment and products, plus correct reading of labels, dilution, patch testing and contraindications.
Core rules and concepts
- Cutting tools: scissors, thinning shears, clippers and razors. Keep shears sharp and dry; do not use them on wet, product-heavy hair unless designed for it.
- Styling equipment: blow dryers, straighteners, curling tongs, rollers and steamers. Check cords, heat settings and ventilation; use heat protectant.
- Skin and nail tools: comedone extractors, brushes, files, nippers, pushers and foot rasps. Disinfect between clients; use disposable files where possible.
- Products: shampoo, conditioner, masks, disinfectants, wax, threading thread, massage medium and makeup. Read the label for use, dilution, contact time, expiry and warnings.
- Patch test colour, wax and other sensitizing products according to the manufacturer's instructions and record the result.
Worked example
A disinfectant label says 1:50 dilution. To make 500 ml, use 10 ml concentrate plus 490 ml water. Reasoned check: 10 ml plus 49 parts water is 1:50, and the total is 500 ml. Using 10 ml in 500 ml water would be weaker than the label and could fail to disinfect; using 50 ml would be wasteful and potentially corrosive.
Traps that cost marks
Do not use salon disinfectant on skin. Do not over-dilute to save money. Do not sharpen shears on a kitchen stone. Do not share makeup applicators. Do not ignore expiry dates or damaged cords.