Farm Records, Accounts and Use of ICT
This domain tests whether you can keep simple, reliable records and use digital tools for decisions. Records turn daily events into evidence for credit, breeding, feeding and profit analysis.
Records to maintain
- Daily milk register: animal ID, morning/evening yield, fat/SNF if tested.
- Breeding register: heat date, AI date, semen code, pregnancy diagnosis, calving date.
- Health and vaccination register, feed and fodder register, inventory and asset register.
- Cash book, ledger, labour and electricity records, and monthly summary.
ICT tools
Use ear tags or RFID, e-Gopala/Bharat Pashudhan-type animal records, INAPH for AI records, spreadsheets for milk and feed costing, SMS alerts and milk analysers. Back up data and restrict access.
Worked example
A 15-cow unit records 150 litres/day for 30 days = 4,500 litres. Feed cost is ₹90,000, so feed cost per litre is ₹20. At ₹40/litre, milk income is ₹1,80,000; other costs are ₹30,000; surplus is ₹60,000. The record shows feed at 50% of milk income and helps test whether a ration change is worthwhile.
Traps
Do not mix personal and farm cash, delay entries, omit ear tags, or rely on memory. Do not keep digital records without a backup or share passwords carelessly.