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IGNOU OPENNET study materials
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IGNOU OPENNET: Information and Communication Technology in Education

IGNOU OPENNET · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.

All guide sections

Information and Communication Technology in Education

This domain tests how technology is integrated into teaching rather than how hardware works: frameworks for integration, e-content standards, open licensing, blended and flipped models, learning analytics and academic integrity. Questions typically present a teaching scenario and ask which framework or licence applies.

Integration frameworks

  • TPACK: content, pedagogical and technological knowledge; effective integration sits at the intersections, not in TK alone.
  • SAMR: Substitution and Augmentation enhance a task; Modification and Redefinition transform it. Augmentation requires functional improvement, not mere digitisation.
  • Blended models: rotation, flex, a la carte and enriched virtual. Blended means part online, part face-to-face; a fully online course is not blended.
  • Flipped classroom: first exposure to content happens before class; class time is used for active, higher-order work.

Open licences

  • CC BY: reuse, adapt and commercial use, with attribution.
  • CC BY-SA: adaptations must carry the same licence.
  • CC BY-NC: non-commercial use only.
  • CC BY-NC-SA: combines both conditions.
  • CC0 or public domain: no conditions attached.

Platforms and standards

  • An LMS such as Moodle hosts content, quizzes, forums and gradebooks; SCORM is a packaging standard that lets content run across LMSs.
  • Similarity-check tools report matches; the judgement of plagiarism rests on the institution, and UGC academic integrity regulations govern penalties.

Worked example

A teacher wants others to remix her e-content, forbids commercial sale, and requires any derivative to carry the same terms. Which licence? Reasoning: remixing is permitted, so derivatives are allowed; no sale means NonCommercial; same terms means ShareAlike; attribution is the default, giving BY. The answer is CC BY-NC-SA.

Traps that cost marks

Treating SAMR as a ladder that must be climbed; assuming CC BY is public domain; calling a fully online course blended; and treating a low similarity score as proof of original writing.