Web Technology and Web Design (HTML/CSS)
Web Technology and Web Design (HTML/CSS)
This domain tests structure with HTML and presentation with CSS. Expect tag syntax, document structure, links, lists, tables, forms, selectors and the cascade. Answers should use valid nesting and quoted attribute values.
Core rules
- HTML defines structure; CSS defines presentation. A basic document has
<!DOCTYPE html>,<html>,<head>and<body>. - Tags usually come in pairs; void elements such as
<br>and<img>do not need closing tags. - CSS can be inline, internal (
<style>) or external (.csslinked with<link>). - Selectors: element (
p), class (.note), id (#intro). Specificity generally rises from element to class to id; inline style is stronger still. - The cascade also considers source order and
!important; inheritance passes some properties from parent to child.
Worked example
Given <p class="note" id="intro">Hi</p>, plus #intro { color: red; } and .note { color: blue; }, the text is red. The id selector has higher specificity than the class selector. The reasoning is the cascade: both rules match, but the more specific selector wins; source order would matter only if specificity were equal.
Traps
CSS declarations need a colon between property and value and a semicolon between declarations. Class selectors use a dot; id selectors use a hash. Do not nest block elements illegally inside inline elements. A link uses href, not src; an image uses src and alt. Closing tags must be properly nested.