Rachana: Composition, Translation, Comprehension and Letter Writing
Rachana: producing correct Sanskrit
Rachana tests production, not recognition: anuvāda (translation), comprehension answers, short composition, and patra-lekhana. Marks come from correct vibhakti, tense, number, gender and format, not from long sentences.
Core rules
- Translate meaning, not word order. Build Sanskrit as kartā + karma + kriyā, with the verb normally last.
- Keep the source tense and number; check whether the subject is singular or plural before choosing the verb ending.
- Use upapada and vibhakti correctly: “in the classroom” → कक्षायाम् (saptamī); “to the students” → छात्रेभ्यः (caturthī) if giving, but “teaches the students” → छात्रान् (dvitīyā).
- Comprehension answers should reuse passage vocabulary and be complete sentences in Sanskrit.
- Letter format: स्थानम्, दिनाङ्कः, सम्बोधनम्, विषयः, मुख्यविषयः, समापनम्, हस्ताक्षरम्. Use प्रिय मित्र / आर्य for salutation and भवदीयः (male) or भवदीया (female) at the close.
Worked example
Translate: “The teacher teaches the students in the classroom.” गुरुः कक्षायां छात्रान् पाठयति। Reason: गुरुः is prathamā kartā; कक्षायाम् is saptamī adhikaraṇa; छात्रान् is dvitīyā plural karma; पाठयति is present third singular causative, matching a singular teacher.
Traps
Literal English order produces wrong emphasis. Do not omit the subject’s number in the verb. Do not use dvitīyā for “to” in every sentence. In letters, missing date, subject line or signature loses format marks.