Entrepreneurship, Employability and Workshop Practice
Entrepreneurship, Employability and Workshop Practice is examined through costing, customer documents, professional conduct and safe workshop technique.
What the exam tests
This domain tests whether you can run a small electronics service business and work professionally in a workshop. Expect costing and quotation, invoice/GST basics, customer handling, résumé and interview questions, 5S, tool use, soldering quality and measurement discipline.
Core rules
- Job cost = material + labour + overhead. Add profit as a percentage of cost, not confused with a markup on selling price. A quotation is an offer; an invoice is a demand for payment after supply and must show description, quantity, rate, tax and GSTIN where registered.
- Break-even quantity = fixed cost / (selling price − variable cost per unit).
- Workshop practice: tin the soldering iron tip, use appropriate solder/flux, heat the joint and feed solder - do not blob. A cold joint looks dull and is electrically unreliable.
- 5S: Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardise, Sustain. Keep tools calibrated and return them to marked locations.
- Employability: a résumé should state skills, qualifications and verifiable experience; in an interview, explain fault-finding logically and admit what you do not know.
Worked example
A repair uses ₹450 of material and ₹300 labour. Overhead is 10% of material plus labour, and desired profit is 20% of total cost. Cost before overhead = 750; overhead = 75; total cost = 825; profit = 165; quoted price before tax = 990. With 18% GST, invoice total = 990 × 1.18 = ₹1,168.20. The reasoning is to build cost in layers, then apply tax to the selling price - not to add percentages in an arbitrary order.
Traps that cost marks
Quoting without overhead; treating profit percentage as a percentage of cost in one question and of price in another; issuing an invoice without GST details when registered; diagnosing by board-swapping instead of testing; leaving soldering irons unattended; describing team skills with no example.