Animal Health and Disease Management
What this domain tests
Animal Health and Disease Management tests recognition of common cattle, buffalo, goat and poultry diseases, vaccination schedules, first aid, drug dosage and biosecurity. The exam favours practical field decisions: what to do first, what to report, and what not to do.
Core rules
- Notifiable diseases: FMD, anthrax, HS, BQ, rabies and avian influenza must be reported to the village veterinary officer; do not sell milk or move animals.
- Vaccination: FMD every 6 months in endemic areas; HS and BQ annually before the monsoon; PPR in goats; Marek's at day 1 in the hatchery; Ranikhet (ND) and IBD in poultry as per schedule.
- Mastitis: strip the quarter, use CMT, milk out frequently and treat as advised; discard milk during withdrawal.
- Metabolic disease: milk fever = hypocalcaemia (calcium); ketosis = negative energy balance (glucose/propylene glycol); acidosis = excess concentrate (sodium bicarbonate and fibre).
- Biosecurity: isolate new animals for 21–30 days, disinfect, control visitors and dispose of carcasses by deep burial or incineration.
Worked example
A 250 kg calf needs oxytetracycline at 10 mg/kg. Dose = 250 × 10 = 2,500 mg = 2.5 g. A 5% injection contains 50 mg/mL, so volume = 2,500/50 = 50 mL. Check the label concentration and route, and record the withdrawal period. If the label says 7 days for milk, milk from a treated cow must not be sold for 7 days.
Traps that cost marks
Giving calcium too fast in milk fever; using antibiotics without a dose calculation; confusing HS and BQ; vaccinating sick animals; ignoring withdrawal periods; opening anthrax carcasses, which spreads spores.