Skin Care and Facial Treatments
What this domain tests
Skin Care and Facial Treatments tests skin analysis, product selection, facial sequence, massage safety and contraindications. You must be able to identify skin types and conditions, choose suitable products, and adapt a facial for sensitive or acne-prone skin.
Core rules and concepts
- Main skin types: normal, dry, oily, combination and sensitive. A client can be oily but dehydrated, so assess both oiliness and hydration.
- Skin analysis uses observation, questions and gentle palpation. Look for tightness, shine, flaking, redness and lesions.
- Standard facial sequence: cleanse, analyse, exfoliate, steam if suitable, extract only safe comedones, massage, mask, moisturise and sun protection.
- Patch-test products when allergy risk is high; avoid eye-area massage over the eyeball; use upward, gentle pressure.
- Contraindications include active infection, open wounds, severe inflammation, recent peels or laser, and some medical conditions. Refer when unsure.
- Daily care advice: gentle cleanser, moisturiser and broad-spectrum sunscreen; avoid over-washing.
Worked example
An oily-skinned client wants a facial before a party. She has several red, inflamed pimples. Choose a gentle cleanse, mild exfoliation and non-comedogenic moisturiser; skip heavy oils and aggressive extraction. Do not squeeze inflamed lesions because this spreads inflammation and can scar. Use a cooling mask, advise sunscreen, and suggest a dermatology referral for the acne.
Traps that cost marks
Do not scrub oily skin hard. Do not use very hot water or steam on sensitive skin. Do not extract inflamed acne. Do not apply a strong mask without checking sensitivity. Do not claim a facial removes scars permanently.