Employability and Entrepreneurship
Employability and Entrepreneurship
This domain tests workplace safety behaviour, technical communication, job costing and the practicalities of running a small electrical or electronics business.
Core rules
- Safety: assess risk before work, use PPE (insulated gloves, safety shoes, goggles), follow lockout-tagout, keep the area to 5S standards, and never work alone on live equipment.
- Electrical fire: isolate the supply and use CO₂ or dry powder, never water. For electric shock, isolate before touching the casualty, then call for help and start first aid or CPR.
- Communication: confirm the complaint in the customer's own words, explain the fault and options in plain language, record the work on a job card, and hand over with a written report and warranty terms.
- Costing: direct material + direct labour + overheads (transport, tools, rent, electricity, depreciation) + contingency + profit, then taxes as applicable.
- Self-employment: contractor licence, GST registration where turnover requires it, insurance, a price list, a quotation stating scope and exclusions, invoicing and bookkeeping, and a cash-flow buffer for delayed payments.
- Break-even quantity = fixed cost ÷ (selling price − variable cost per unit).
Worked example
A small rewiring job: material ₹8,000, labour 3 days × ₹600 = ₹1,800, subtotal ₹9,800. Overheads at 10 % of the subtotal = ₹980, giving ₹10,780. Profit at 15 % = ₹1,617, so the quotation is about ₹12,400 before taxes. Quoting only the ₹8,000 material would lose labour and overhead recovery and leave no margin for rework.
Mark-losing traps
- Quoting material cost alone and calling the difference profit.
- Using water on an electrical fire.
- Touching a shock victim before the supply is isolated.
- Ignoring licences, insurance or tax when pricing.