Animal Husbandry, Poultry, Fisheries and Dairy Zoology
Animal husbandry, poultry, fisheries and dairy zoology covers breeds, housing, feeding, health care and common diseases and parasites of farm animals.
Core rules
- Cattle breeds: Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi and Tharparkar are important indigenous dairy/dual-purpose breeds. Murrah, Jaffrabadi and Surti are buffalo breeds. Exotic dairy breeds include Holstein-Friesian and Jersey.
- Poultry: Aseel and Kadaknath are indigenous; Rhode Island Red, Leghorn and Plymouth Rock are exotic. Layer and broiler management differ in feed and lighting.
- Fish: Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala are Indian major carps; silver carp is exotic. Composite culture uses different feeding niches.
- Feeding: balanced ration with roughage and concentrate; clean water; mineral mixture. Housing needs ventilation, dry bedding, space and biosecurity.
- Diseases: FMD (vesicles, salivation), mastitis (udder inflammation), haemorrhagic septicaemia, black quarter; poultry-Newcastle disease, fowl pox, coccidiosis. Parasites: ticks, mites, liver fluke, roundworms.
Worked example
A cow drools, has fever and vesicles on the tongue and teats. This suggests foot-and-mouth disease, a viral disease-not bacterial mastitis. Isolate the animal, report to the veterinary authority, and do not treat with antibiotics alone.
Traps
FMD is viral; antibiotics do not cure it. Mastitis is not milk fever. Indigenous cattle are not automatically low-yield-breed and management matter.