Vehicle Controls, Handling and Pre-Trip Checks
This domain tests your control of the vehicle and your habit of checking it before driving. The exam expects you to know the purpose of each control and to spot defects that affect safety.
Controls and cockpit drill
- Adjust the seat, headrest and mirrors before moving; fasten the seat belt.
- Know the brake, accelerator, clutch, gear lever, handbrake and steering position without looking down.
- Use the handbrake when parked and on slopes; do not rely on a gear alone.
- Brake progressively and steer smoothly; sudden inputs reduce grip, especially in rain.
Pre-trip checks
- Tyres: correct pressure when cold, legal tread, no cuts, bulges or exposed cords.
- Lights: headlights, brake lights, indicators and hazard lights.
- Fluids: engine oil, coolant, brake fluid, washer fluid; check for leaks.
- Wipers, horn, mirrors and seat belts.
- Brakes: pedal feel and handbrake travel.
Worked example
A tyre looks slightly soft. You check pressure cold and find it below the manufacturer's figure. Reasoning: underinflation increases sidewall flexing and heat, which can cause a blowout at speed; it also worsens steering and fuel use. Checking after a long drive gives a falsely high reading because heat raises pressure.
Traps that cost marks
- Checking tyre pressure after a long, hot drive.
- Ignoring the spare tyre or failing to check it.
- Adjusting mirrors after pulling out.
- Assuming brake fluid and coolant are 'someone else's job'.