First Aid, Emergencies and Breakdown Procedures
What the exam tests
This domain tests what you do in the first minutes after a crash or breakdown: protect the scene, call for help and give basic first aid without making injuries worse.
Core rules
- Protect the scene first. Warn other traffic, switch on hazard lights and keep yourself safe. In Kuwait, call the emergency number 112.
- Use DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Do not move a casualty unless there is immediate danger such as fire or traffic.
- Do not remove a rider's helmet unless it is necessary to clear the airway or give CPR; incorrect removal can worsen a neck injury.
- Control bleeding with direct pressure, keep the casualty warm and monitor breathing. If the casualty is unconscious but breathing, use the recovery position. If not breathing, start CPR if trained.
- For a breakdown, move as far off the carriageway as possible, use hazard lights, put on a reflective vest and place a warning triangle where it can be seen. Stand away from traffic and call for assistance.
Worked example
A rider falls at a junction and is conscious but dazed. You should stop safely, warn traffic, call 112 and check response and breathing. Do not pull off the helmet or help him stand immediately; keep him still and warm, control any bleeding and wait for emergency services unless the scene becomes dangerous.
Traps that cost marks
Moving an injured rider unnecessarily; removing a helmet as a routine step; standing behind a broken-down vehicle; forgetting to secure the scene; and delaying the emergency call.