Package Markings, Labels, and Placards
What the exam tests
This domain tests the difference between markings, labels, and placards and the thresholds that trigger each. Expect questions on package orientation arrows, label size and placement, placard size, and the 1,001-pound rule.
Markings vs labels vs placards
- Markings are durable letters/numbers on the package: proper shipping name and UN number on non-bulk packages, orientation arrows for liquid packages, and special marks such as "Limited Quantity" or "Marine Pollutant."
- Labels are 4-inch square hazard diamonds applied to non-bulk packages. They identify the primary hazard and any subsidiary hazard. Labels must be on the package, legible, and not obscured.
- Placards are 10.75-inch square hazard warnings on the vehicle. They are required for bulk packages, for 1,001 lb or more aggregate gross weight of Table 2 materials, and for any quantity of Table 1 materials such as Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, Division 2.3, Division 6.1 PG I, and Class 7. Placards go on both sides and both ends of the vehicle.
Worked example
A truck carries 1,200 lb of Class 8, PG II corrosive in non-bulk drums. A corrosive placard is required because the load exceeds 1,001 lb aggregate gross weight. If the same load were 900 lb, no placard would be required, but each drum would still need the corrosive label and marking. If the material were in a portable tank, the bulk package would require placards regardless of weight.
Traps
Using a label where a placard is required; placarding only the rear; thinking the 1,001-lb threshold is the only placarding trigger; and missing subsidiary labels. Also watch "DANGEROUS" placards-they are for international shipments, not a substitute for the correct U.S. placard.