Bulk Packages, Cargo Tanks, and Portable Tanks
What the exam tests
This domain tests bulk packaging: cargo tanks, portable tanks, and intermediate bulk containers. You need to know what makes a package "bulk," how specification markings identify the tank, and the special loading and unloading precautions for tanks.
Core rules
- A bulk package has a capacity greater than 119 gallons for liquid, greater than 882 lb for solid, or greater than 1,000 lb water capacity for gas. A cargo tank is a bulk package permanently attached to the vehicle; a portable tank is a bulk package not permanently attached.
- Cargo tank specification plates identify the tank type: DOT 406 (flammable liquids), DOT 407 (corrosive liquids), DOT 412 (corrosive liquids), and DOT 331 (compressed gases). Use only a tank authorized for the material; compatibility of gaskets, linings, and fittings matters.
- Check test and inspection dates before loading. A tank out of test is not legal to fill.
- Leave the required outage for expansion. Never fill a cargo tank "to the top."
- Before transfer, set the parking brake, chock wheels, shut off the engine unless needed, and bond/ground the tank and receiving equipment for flammable liquids. Attend the transfer; do not leave the controls unattended.
- Cargo tanks have internal valves, remote shutoffs, and rollover protection; know their location before you drive.
Worked example
You are offered a DOT 406 cargo tank to haul a Class 8 corrosive. Decline the load. DOT 406 tanks are specified for flammable liquids, not corrosive liquids; the correct specification would be a DOT 407 or DOT 412, subject to the material's compatibility and the tank's test status. The placard and shipping paper would be correct, but the tank itself is not authorized.
Traps
Confusing portable tanks with non-bulk drums; assuming any tank can carry any liquid; skipping the specification plate check; and filling until the product reaches the top, leaving no outage.