Hazard Perception and Emergency Maneuvers
This domain tests hazard scanning and correct emergency actions: tire blowouts, brake failure, fires, and ABS use. Minnesota adds winter hazards such as ice, snow, and bridge decks that freeze first.
Scanning for hazards
Look 12–15 seconds ahead for brake lights, shadows, debris, and lane closures. Identify an escape route before you need it. In winter, reduce speed and watch for black ice on bridges, overpasses, and shaded curves.
Emergency actions
- Tire blowout: hold the wheel firmly, stay off the brakes, ease off the accelerator, and let the vehicle slow before braking gently.
- Brake failure: downshift, pump the brakes if air pressure is low, use the emergency/parking brake gradually, and look for an escape ramp.
- Fire: stop, shut off the engine, get everyone out, use the extinguisher only if safe, and call 911.
- ABS: apply firm, continuous brake pressure and steer; do not pump.
Worked example
A front tire blows at 60 mph. Reasoning: hard braking transfers weight and can pull the vehicle toward the blown tire. The driver grips the wheel, releases the accelerator, keeps the vehicle straight, and brakes only after speed drops.
Traps that cost marks
Slamming the brakes on a blowout; jumping from a moving vehicle; using the parking brake full-on at highway speed; assuming ABS shortens stopping distance on ice.