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MT Alcohol Server study materials
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MT Alcohol Server practice questions

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Question 1Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

In Montana, what is the maximum blood alcohol concentration for a person under 21 who is operating a motor vehicle?

  1. 0.04%
  2. 0.08%
  3. 0.10%
  4. 0.02% Correct answer.

Explanation

Montana's zero-tolerance law sets the under-21 driving limit at 0.02% BAC. A driver under 21 at or above that level can be charged even though the adult limit is 0.08%.

Question 2Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server in Montana is unsure whether a customer is 21. What does the law require the server to do before serving alcohol?

  1. Ask for and examine a valid photo identification Correct answer.
  2. Serve the drink but record the customer's name
  3. Serve only beer, since it has lower alcohol content
  4. Rely on the customer's verbal statement of age

Explanation

Montana requires licensees and their employees to obtain proof of age before serving anyone who may be under 21. A valid photo ID showing the person is 21 or older protects both the server and the establishment.

Question 3Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which of these is an acceptable form of identification for an alcohol sale in Montana?

  1. A student ID card with a photo
  2. A Montana driver license that is current Correct answer.
  3. A social media profile page
  4. A library card showing a birth date

Explanation

A current state-issued driver license is one of the IDs Montana recognizes as proof of age. School, library, and online profiles are not reliable government-issued proof.

Question 4Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Under Montana law, what happens to a licensee's alcohol license if the licensee sells alcohol to a person under 21?

  1. The license is automatically transferred to a new owner
  2. Nothing, as long as the minor does not drive afterward
  3. Only the employee is penalized, never the license
  4. The license may be suspended or revoked Correct answer.

Explanation

Selling to a minor is a serious violation that can lead to suspension or revocation of the license. The licensee is responsible for the conduct of employees who serve alcohol.

Question 5Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer who appears intoxicated orders another drink. What is the correct action for the server?

  1. Serve a smaller drink to reduce the effect
  2. Serve the drink but ask the customer to leave soon
  3. Have another server deliver the drink
  4. Refuse the drink and offer food or a non-alcoholic beverage Correct answer.

Explanation

Montana law prohibits serving an obviously intoxicated person. The server must stop service and may offer food, water, or a non-alcoholic alternative while arranging safe transport.

Question 6Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

In Montana, which agency is responsible for issuing and regulating alcoholic beverage licenses?

  1. The Montana Department of Transportation
  2. The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks
  3. The Montana Department of Revenue Correct answer.
  4. The Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services

Explanation

The Montana Department of Revenue administers alcohol licensing and enforcement through its Alcoholic Beverage Control Division. Other agencies handle health, wildlife, or highway matters rather than alcohol licensing.

Question 7Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which statement best describes a server's legal duty when a visibly intoxicated customer insists on driving?

  1. The server has no duty once the customer leaves the premises
  2. The server should call the customer a cab only if asked
  3. The server should serve coffee and allow the customer to leave
  4. The server should take reasonable steps to prevent the customer from driving Correct answer.

Explanation

Montana law and responsible-service practice expect servers to take reasonable steps to prevent an intoxicated person from driving. This can include refusing service, arranging a ride, or notifying law enforcement.

Question 8Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

What is the standard measure of a serving of distilled spirits used to gauge alcohol content in a drink?

  1. 6 ounces of table wine
  2. 1.5 ounces of 80-proof liquor Correct answer.
  3. 3 ounces of 80-proof liquor
  4. 12 ounces of regular beer

Explanation

A standard drink of distilled spirits is 1.5 ounces of 80-proof liquor, which contains about 0.6 ounces of pure alcohol. This matches 12 ounces of beer or 5 ounces of wine.

Question 9Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer shows an identification card that appears altered. What should the server do?

  1. Confiscate the ID and call the police immediately
  2. Accept it but write the customer's name in a log
  3. Accept it if the birth date looks plausible
  4. Refuse the sale and do not return the ID to the customer Correct answer.

Explanation

A server who suspects an ID is altered should refuse the sale. Montana law allows a licensee or employee to withhold a suspected false ID and turn it over to law enforcement rather than returning it.

Question 10Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A bartender notices a customer buying drinks for a group of young-looking people nearby. What is the best responsible-service response?

  1. Check the ages of the people receiving the drinks Correct answer.
  2. Ask the group to leave the establishment
  3. Serve the group as long as the buyer pays
  4. Ignore it because the buyer is of age

Explanation

Third-party purchases are a common way minors obtain alcohol. The server should verify the age of anyone who appears to be receiving or consuming alcohol, not just the person paying.

Question 11Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which behavior is the most reliable early sign that a customer may be approaching intoxication?

  1. Asking about the food menu
  2. Speaking more loudly and rapidly than usual Correct answer.
  3. Paying with cash instead of a card
  4. Ordering a glass of water

Explanation

Changes in speech volume, rate, and coordination are classic early indicators of impairment. Servers should watch for these behavioral cues and slow or stop service before the customer becomes obviously intoxicated.

Question 12Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server is asked to serve alcohol at a private event held in a licensed establishment after normal hours. What should the server do?

  1. Serve because private events are exempt from closing hours
  2. Serve but charge a higher price
  3. Serve only if guests bring their own alcohol
  4. Serve only within the hours allowed by the license Correct answer.

Explanation

Serving hours are set by the license and by Montana law; a private event does not create an exemption. Serving outside permitted hours can jeopardize the license.

Question 13Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

What is the primary purpose of checking identification at the point of sale?

  1. To collect marketing data on customers
  2. To confirm the customer meets the minimum legal age Correct answer.
  3. To determine whether the customer can pay
  4. To track how many drinks each customer orders

Explanation

ID checks exist to verify that the purchaser is at least 21 years old. Accurate age verification is the first line of defense against sales to minors.

Question 14Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer is celebrating a birthday and has had several drinks. The customer becomes unsteady and loud. Which action best fulfills the server's responsibility?

  1. Ask other customers to watch the person
  2. Stop serving alcohol and offer food and water Correct answer.
  3. Switch the customer to a lower-alcohol drink
  4. Serve one final round and close the tab

Explanation

Once a customer shows signs of intoxication, service of alcohol must stop. Offering food and water and helping arrange safe transportation are appropriate next steps.

Question 15Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which of the following best describes dram shop liability?

  1. Liability for serving alcohol to someone who later causes harm Correct answer.
  2. Liability for selling alcohol at a discount
  3. Liability for failing to check a customer's credit
  4. Liability for selling spoiled food

Explanation

Dram shop liability holds a licensee or server responsible when alcohol served to an intoxicated or underage person results in injury or damage. It encourages careful service and monitoring.

Question 16Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server is unsure whether a customer is intoxicated. What is the safest course of action?

  1. Serve the drink and observe the customer afterward
  2. Ask the customer to sign a waiver
  3. Serve a weaker drink to be safe
  4. Delay service and ask a manager or coworker for a second opinion Correct answer.

Explanation

When in doubt, a server should pause service and involve a manager or experienced coworker. A second opinion helps confirm signs of impairment and documents the decision.

Question 17Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which practice helps a server avoid over-serving a customer who is drinking quickly?

  1. Offering a discount on the next round
  2. Serving doubles without being asked
  3. Pacing service and checking in regularly Correct answer.
  4. Leaving a pitcher at the table

Explanation

Pacing service and checking on the customer lets the server monitor consumption and impairment. Leaving pitchers or pushing extra drinks increases the risk of over-service.

Question 18Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer under 21 presents an ID showing an age over 21, but the photo does not match the customer. What should the server do?

  1. Ask the customer to confirm the address on the ID
  2. Accept the ID because the birth date is valid
  3. Serve only a low-alcohol beverage
  4. Refuse service and treat the ID as invalid Correct answer.

Explanation

An ID is valid only if it belongs to the person presenting it. A photo mismatch means the document cannot establish the customer's age, so service must be refused.

Question 19Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server sees a customer who was refused service earlier being served by a different employee. What is the appropriate action?

  1. Inform the coworker and the manager that service was refused Correct answer.
  2. Serve the customer yourself to keep things consistent
  3. Ask the customer to leave without explanation
  4. Say nothing to avoid conflict with the coworker

Explanation

Refusal of service must be communicated to other staff so the customer cannot obtain alcohol from another employee. Informing the coworker and manager protects the customer and the license.

Question 20Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which statement about alcohol absorption is accurate for responsible-service decisions?

  1. Food in the stomach slows alcohol absorption Correct answer.
  2. Carbonated mixers slow alcohol absorption
  3. A person's BAC depends only on the number of drinks
  4. Drinking water immediately lowers BAC to zero

Explanation

Food in the stomach slows the rate at which alcohol enters the bloodstream, though it does not prevent impairment. Servers should never treat food as a way to justify continued service to an impaired person.

Question 21Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A visibly intoxicated customer becomes argumentative when refused service. What is the best approach?

  1. Threaten to call the police immediately
  2. Argue firmly until the customer agrees to leave
  3. Serve the drink to calm the customer down
  4. Stay calm, avoid confrontation, and involve a manager or security Correct answer.

Explanation

Refusals should be handled calmly and without escalating conflict. Involving a manager or trained security staff helps ensure safety while the customer is guided to leave or find transport.

Question 22Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer orders a drink and plans to drive. The server knows the customer has already had several drinks. Which combination of actions best reflects responsible service?

  1. Serve water only after the customer finishes the drink
  2. Serve the drink and take the customer's keys after payment
  3. Serve the drink and remind the customer to drive slowly
  4. Refuse further alcohol and offer to call a ride Correct answer.

Explanation

Once a customer is impaired, the server should stop alcohol service and help arrange safe transportation. Offering a ride addresses the immediate risk of impaired driving.

Question 23Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A licensee allows employees to serve alcohol without any training on age verification. Which risk is most directly increased?

  1. Reduced liquor inventory
  2. Sales to minors and license penalties Correct answer.
  3. Slower table turnover
  4. Higher food costs

Explanation

Untrained staff are more likely to miss false IDs and serve minors, which can lead to license suspension or revocation. Training is a core part of a licensee's responsibility.

Question 24Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server is asked to serve a drink to a customer who is with a group but whose ID shows an out-of-state address. What is the correct approach?

  1. Verify the ID is current, unaltered, and matches the customer Correct answer.
  2. Accept it if the customer is over 30
  3. Refuse because out-of-state IDs are not valid in Montana
  4. Accept it only if another customer vouches for the person

Explanation

Montana accepts valid out-of-state identification as proof of age. The server must confirm the document is current, unaltered, and belongs to the person presenting it.

Question 25Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A bartender is working alone and a customer becomes ill after drinking heavily. What is the most appropriate sequence of actions?

  1. Move the customer outside and return to the bar
  2. Ask other patrons to take the customer home
  3. Stop service, check on the customer, and summon medical help if needed Correct answer.
  4. Continue serving until closing, then call for help

Explanation

The priority is the customer's health and safety. Service should stop immediately, the customer should be monitored, and emergency medical help should be called if symptoms are serious.

Question 26Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Under Montana law, what is the maximum blood alcohol concentration for a person under 21 who is operating a motor vehicle?

  1. 0.00 Correct answer.
  2. 0.08
  3. 0.02
  4. 0.04

Explanation

Montana enforces a zero-tolerance standard for drivers under 21, so any detectable alcohol in the blood while driving violates the law. Servers should recognize that even a single drink can put a young driver over this limit, which supports refusing service to anyone under 21.

Question 27Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A Montana licensee's alcohol server training requirement is best satisfied by which approach?

  1. Posting a sign about the legal drinking age behind the bar
  2. Having the manager review the license once each year
  3. Requiring all servers to complete an approved server training program Correct answer.
  4. Relying on the distributor to explain service rules

Explanation

Montana requires licensees and their employees who sell or serve alcohol to complete an approved alcohol server training program. A sign, a yearly license review, or a distributor's informal advice does not substitute for certified training.

Question 28Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which document is generally acceptable as proof of age for alcohol service in Montana?

  1. A social media profile showing a birth date
  2. A library card with a photo
  3. A student identification card from a local high school
  4. A valid state-issued driver license or identification card Correct answer.

Explanation

Acceptable age identification in Montana includes a valid driver license, state identification card, military identification, or passport. Documents that are not government-issued photo identification, such as library cards or social media profiles, do not reliably prove age.

Question 29Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer who appears obviously intoxicated orders a beer. What should the server do?

  1. Serve a smaller glass and monitor the customer
  2. Serve the beer but ask the customer to drink it slowly
  3. Refuse the sale and offer to call a ride or a taxi Correct answer.
  4. Ask another customer to confirm the person is fine

Explanation

Serving alcohol to an obviously intoxicated person is prohibited, so the server must refuse the sale. Offering transportation addresses the customer's safety and reduces the risk of an impaired-driving incident.

Question 30Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which statement best describes the legal age to purchase and consume alcoholic beverages in Montana?

  1. Nineteen for beer and wine and twenty-one for spirits
  2. Twenty-one for all alcoholic beverages Correct answer.
  3. Eighteen for all alcoholic beverages with parental consent
  4. Eighteen for beer and twenty-one for spirits

Explanation

Montana sets a uniform minimum age of 21 for purchasing and consuming alcoholic beverages, regardless of the type of alcohol. There is no lower age for beer, wine, or with parental consent in a licensed establishment.

Question 31Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server suspects a customer is using a fake identification. What is the most appropriate action?

  1. Refuse service and return the identification to the customer Correct answer.
  2. Serve the customer but note the incident in the log
  3. Ask the customer to sign a waiver accepting responsibility
  4. Confiscate the identification and call the police immediately

Explanation

When identification is questionable, the server should refuse service and not retain the document, since confiscation can create legal risk for the employee. Declining the sale protects the licensee and avoids escalating the situation.

Question 32Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Which factor most increases the rate at which a customer's blood alcohol concentration rises?

  1. Drinking on an empty stomach Correct answer.
  2. Eating a large meal before drinking
  3. Alternating alcoholic drinks with water
  4. Drinking a beverage with a higher alcohol content slowly

Explanation

Food in the stomach slows alcohol absorption, so drinking without eating causes blood alcohol concentration to rise faster. Servers should watch customers who drink on an empty stomach more closely for signs of impairment.

Question 33Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

What is the primary purpose of documenting a refusal of service in the establishment's log?

  1. To satisfy the customer's request for a written explanation
  2. To create a record that supports the licensee's responsible-service practices Correct answer.
  3. To comply with a requirement to report the customer to law enforcement
  4. To transfer liability to the customer

Explanation

A refusal log documents that the establishment acted responsibly when it denied service, which can be valuable evidence if a dispute or claim arises later. It is an internal record of the licensee's practices, not a report to law enforcement.

Question 34Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server is checking identification for a customer who appears to be about 25. What should the server do?

  1. Check only if the customer orders spirits
  2. Ask the customer to state their age before ordering
  3. Skip the check because the customer is clearly an adult
  4. Check the identification because appearance alone is not reliable proof Correct answer.

Explanation

Appearance is an unreliable indicator of age, so servers should check identification whenever there is any doubt. Montana expects licensees to verify age before serving, and a customer who looks older may still be under 21.

Question 35Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer who has been served several drinks orders a round for friends and asks to pay with a credit card. What should the server consider first?

  1. Whether the bar is close to closing time
  2. Whether the friends have ordered the same drink
  3. Whether the customer appears intoxicated before accepting the order Correct answer.
  4. Whether the credit card has sufficient funds

Explanation

The server's first duty is to assess the customer's sobriety before accepting a new order, especially a large round. If the customer is visibly intoxicated, service must be refused regardless of payment method or closing time.

Question 36Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server notices a customer switching from beer to a strong cocktail after already having several beers. What is the best responsible-service response?

  1. Serve the cocktail but remove the beer glass
  2. Ask the customer to order food before the cocktail
  3. Suggest a lower-alcohol alternative and monitor the customer Correct answer.
  4. Serve the cocktail quickly so the customer does not wait

Explanation

Switching to a stronger drink increases the rate of alcohol intake, so the server should suggest a lower-alcohol option and continue monitoring. Removing a glass or rushing the drink does not reduce the risk of over-service.

Question 37Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer who is clearly under 21 presents an identification that belongs to an older sibling. What should the server do?

  1. Refuse service and report the suspected misrepresentation Correct answer.
  2. Serve the customer because the identification shows an adult age
  3. Serve a non-alcoholic drink and allow the customer to stay
  4. Refuse service and keep the identification until police arrive

Explanation

When a server reasonably believes the identification does not belong to the customer, service must be refused and the suspected misrepresentation reported. The server should not rely on the document's stated age or detain the customer.

Question 38Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer becomes loud and aggressive after being told the bar will stop serving them. What is the best approach for the server?

  1. Serve one more drink to calm the customer down
  2. Stay calm, keep a safe distance, and ask a manager for help Correct answer.
  3. Threaten to call the police immediately
  4. Argue with the customer to establish authority

Explanation

Remaining calm and involving a manager helps de-escalate the situation while keeping staff safe. Serving more alcohol or escalating with threats or arguments increases the risk of harm.

Question 39Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server wants to slow a customer who is drinking rapidly. Which practice is most effective?

  1. Removing the customer's glass between sips
  2. Turning up the music so the customer is distracted
  3. Increasing the drink size so the customer drinks less often
  4. Offering water and food and pacing new drink orders Correct answer.

Explanation

Offering water and food and pacing the delivery of new drinks reduces the rate of alcohol consumption. Removing glasses, enlarging drinks, or using distractions does not address the pace of drinking.

Question 40Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer who has been drinking asks the server for directions to the highway. What is the most appropriate responsible-service action?

  1. Give directions but stop serving alcohol and suggest a ride Correct answer.
  2. Call the police immediately without speaking to the customer
  3. Give directions and continue serving the customer
  4. Refuse to give directions and ignore the customer

Explanation

A customer asking for highway directions after drinking may be planning to drive, so the server should stop alcohol service and encourage alternative transportation. Simply giving directions or ignoring the customer leaves the risk unaddressed.

Question 41Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A licensee's staff serves alcohol to a minor, and the minor later causes a car crash. Which legal theory most directly exposes the licensee to liability?

  1. Dram shop liability Correct answer.
  2. Product liability for defective glassware
  3. Workers' compensation liability
  4. Premises liability for slip-and-fall injuries

Explanation

Dram shop liability holds a licensee responsible when it serves alcohol to a minor or visibly intoxicated person who then injures someone. Premises, product, and workers' compensation theories address different kinds of harm.

Question 42Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server sees a coworker serve alcohol to a customer who was refused earlier. What is the most appropriate action?

  1. Serve the customer again to avoid embarrassment
  2. Wait until the customer leaves and then report it
  3. Ignore the situation because the coworker is responsible
  4. Intervene immediately and inform the manager Correct answer.

Explanation

All staff share the duty to prevent unlawful service, so the server should intervene and notify the manager. Waiting or ignoring the situation allows the violation to continue and increases liability.

Question 43Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer orders a drink and mentions they are driving home soon. Which combination of actions best supports responsible service?

  1. Serve the drink and remind the customer to drive carefully
  2. Serve a double drink so the customer leaves sooner
  3. Refuse all service to any customer who mentions driving
  4. Assess the customer's sobriety, pace service, and offer a ride option Correct answer.

Explanation

Responsible service means assessing sobriety, controlling the pace of service, and offering alternatives to driving when needed. A blanket refusal for anyone who mentions driving is not required, and serving more alcohol increases risk.

Question 44Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer presents an out-of-state driver license that appears valid. What should the server do?

  1. Refuse service because the license is from another state
  2. Require a second form of identification from the same state
  3. Accept the valid out-of-state license as proof of age Correct answer.
  4. Ask the customer to recite their address to verify the license

Explanation

A valid out-of-state driver license is acceptable proof of age in Montana, so the server should treat it like an in-state license. Refusing solely because of the issuing state is not a valid basis for denial.

Question 45Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer becomes ill and vomits after drinking heavily while the bartender is working alone. What is the most appropriate sequence of actions?

  1. Continue serving other customers first, then check on the customer
  2. Give the customer water and send them home to sleep
  3. Ensure the customer's safety, call for emergency help if needed, and stop service Correct answer.
  4. Clean the area and ask the customer to leave immediately

Explanation

The immediate priority is the customer's safety, which may require emergency medical help, and service must stop. Sending an ill customer home alone or delaying assistance creates serious risk.

Question 46Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A licensee wants to reduce liability risk from over-service. Which policy is most effective?

  1. Increasing drink sizes to reduce the number of orders
  2. Requiring documented training, standard refusal procedures, and manager oversight Correct answer.
  3. Allowing servers to decide individually whether to check identification
  4. Discouraging servers from recording refusals to avoid paperwork

Explanation

A combination of documented training, consistent refusal procedures, and manager oversight directly reduces the risk of unlawful service. Individual discretion, larger drinks, and avoiding records all increase exposure.

Question 47Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A server is pressured by a regular customer to serve a drink to the customer's visibly intoxicated friend. What is the most defensible response?

  1. Serve the friend because the regular customer is a good patron
  2. Refuse the service and explain the establishment's legal obligation Correct answer.
  3. Ask the regular customer to sign a statement accepting responsibility
  4. Serve a low-alcohol drink and say nothing to the friend

Explanation

The server must refuse service to a visibly intoxicated person regardless of who requests it, and explaining the legal obligation supports a professional refusal. Pressure from a regular customer or a signed statement does not override the duty.

Question 48Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A customer who appears intoxicated insists on paying for a drink that has already been poured. What is the best course of action?

  1. Serve the drink because it has already been paid for
  2. Ask the customer to drink it quickly and then leave
  3. Pour the drink into a to-go cup for the customer
  4. Refuse to serve the drink and remove it from the customer's reach Correct answer.

Explanation

Once a server determines a customer should not be served, the drink should not be provided even if it has been poured or paid for. Providing it in any form, including to-go, would violate the duty to avoid serving an intoxicated person.

Question 49Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

A licensee's employee serves a minor without checking identification, and the minor is later involved in a crash. Which fact most strengthens the licensee's legal exposure?

  1. The establishment had recently changed its menu
  2. The crash occurred several hours after closing
  3. The minor paid with cash rather than a card
  4. The employee had not completed required server training Correct answer.

Explanation

A documented failure to complete required server training supports a claim that the licensee did not exercise reasonable care in preventing service to minors. Payment method, timing after closing, and menu changes do not directly show a failure of responsible-service practices.

Question 50Responsible alcohol sales and service (RASS)

Under Montana law, which action may a licensed on-premises server legally take when a customer appears to be under 21 and cannot produce acceptable identification?

  1. Serve the customer only beer, since beer has a lower alcohol content
  2. Serve the customer but record the transaction in the incident log
  3. Refuse the sale of alcohol and ask the customer to leave the bar area Correct answer.
  4. Ask another customer to vouch for the person's age before serving

Explanation

Montana requires acceptable photo identification before alcohol may be sold to anyone who appears under 21, and a server who cannot verify age must refuse service. Refusal is the only compliant response; no substitute beverage, log entry, or third-party voucher cures the missing proof of age.