Hazardous Materials and Cargo Rules Relevant to Passenger Carriers
Passenger carriers rarely haul hazardous materials, but the driver still has to refuse them, secure baggage, and recognize a placarded load. This domain tests those rules.
Hazardous materials
Under 49 CFR 177.870, hazardous materials may not be carried aboard a passenger-carrying vehicle, apart from narrow exceptions. Do not accept fuel cans, propane cylinders, unmarked drums, or leaking packages, and do not let a rider stow them in the cabin or a baggage bay. If a package is wet, stained, or odorous, refuse it. A driver hauling hazardous materials in any vehicle needs the H endorsement, shipping papers within reach, and correct placards.
Cargo and baggage
Baggage belongs in racks or compartments, never in the aisle, stairwell, or in front of an exit. Secure loose items so they do not become projectiles in a hard stop. Tiedowns must have an aggregate working load limit of at least half the cargo weight (49 CFR 393.106), and the front-end structure must resist forward movement.
Weight
Never exceed axle or gross ratings. Passengers, luggage, and baggage all count; distribute weight evenly and keep the aisle clear.
Worked example
A rider boards with a five-gallon gasoline can. You cannot carry it, even in the baggage bay, because the exception is not the driver's to grant. You refuse politely and explain the rule. If the can leaks, the carrier faces contamination and liability.
Traps
Assuming a small container is harmless; placing baggage in front of a rear exit; accepting a little propane; forgetting that placarded loads change parking and tunnel rules.