Reasoning by Analogy (NNAT3 Level B)
Reasoning by Analogy shows a pair of pictures with a relationship, then a third picture and a blank. You choose the fourth picture so that the second pair has the same relationship as the first pair. Level B analogies use simple visual changes, not words.
Core rules
- State the first pair's change in plain words: “the shape gets smaller,” “the color changes from red to blue,” or “the dot moves outside.”
- Apply exactly that change to the third picture.
- Keep the direction the same: A changes to B, so C changes to D.
- Check every feature: shape, size, color, number, position, and orientation.
Worked example
First pair: a large blue square changes to a small blue square. The rule is “same shape and color, smaller size.” Third picture: a large yellow triangle. The matching fourth picture is a small yellow triangle. A small blue triangle is wrong because the color did not carry over from the third picture. A large yellow triangle is wrong because the size did not change. The relationship is about size only, so shape and color stay as they are in the third picture.
Traps
- Copying the first pair's colors onto the second pair instead of keeping the third picture's features.
- Reversing the direction, such as small to large instead of large to small.
- Finding a relationship that works for the first pair but not applying it consistently.
- Ignoring a second change, such as position or number.