First aid, emergency procedures and accident handling in remote winter terrain
First aid, emergency procedures and accident handling
This domain tests what you do in the first minutes after a remote winter accident: alerting help, treating the injured and managing cold.
Calling for help
Use 113 for medical emergencies, 110 for fire and rescue, 112 for police. Give exact position (GPS or a named trail junction), number of injured, weather and hazards. In remote areas, the rescue service may coordinate with the local red-cross or police.
CPR and shock
If the casualty is unresponsive and not breathing normally, start CPR: 30 compressions to 2 breaths, compressions at 100–120 per minute and about 5–6 cm deep. Treat for shock by lying the casualty down, insulating them and keeping them still; do not give food or drink.
Hypothermia
Handle a hypothermic casualty gently; rough movement can trigger dangerous heart rhythms. Insulate from the snow, replace wet clothing, and warm the trunk first. Do not rub limbs or give alcohol.
Towing and reporting
Tow with a rigid or short rope at low speed, with one rider on the towed machine. Report accidents to the police and complete any required report.
Worked example
A rider is unresponsive after a collision. Check breathing, start CPR, send someone for help with the exact position and insulate the casualty. Do not move them unless there is an immediate danger.
Traps
Delaying the call to warm up first; giving a hypothermic casualty alcohol; and moving a suspected spinal injury unnecessarily.