Meteorology, SAR, customs and border procedures
Meteorological obligations
The MetService is NZ's meteorological authority. Pilots use METAR/SPECI, TAF, area forecasts, SIGMET and AIRMET. The pilot in command makes the final go/no-go decision and must obtain a forecast for the route and destination, including alternates where required. Weather minima vary with licence, approach and operator approval.
Search and rescue
RCCNZ coordinates aviation and maritime SAR. Pilots must report overdue aircraft and activate the ELT in an emergency; 406 MHz ELTs are registered to the aircraft and details should be kept current. SAR phases are INCERFA (uncertainty), ALERFA (alert) and DETRESFA (distress). Pilots should monitor 121.5 MHz where practicable.
Customs, immigration and biosecurity
International flights must arrive at a designated airport of entry unless permission is obtained. The pilot must not allow passengers or goods to leave until cleared by Customs, Immigration and MPI Biosecurity. Advance notice, passenger and crew manifests, and clearance of the aircraft may be required. Departure also requires clearance.
Worked example
A charter lands at a non-designated aerodrome with overseas passengers. Even if the runway is suitable, the flight is unlawful without prior Customs and Immigration approval. The pilot keeps everyone on board until officers clear them; the aircraft may be searched and the operator faces penalties.
Traps
Confusing an ELT activation with a distress call; thinking a TAF is a guarantee; assuming you can clear customs at any aerodrome; forgetting biosecurity and refuse disposal.