Ngā whakapassive i roto i te pūrākau hī ika
Kei te tuhi a Tāne i tētahi pūrākau 200 kupu mō tana tipuna e hī ika ana i te awa. Kua tuhia e ia ēnei rerenga: 'Ka hoputia e te tangata te ika'; 'Ka mautia e ia te kupenga'; 'Ka tukutia e te wahine te kai'; 'Ka tirohia e te tamaiti te waka.' Ka kī tana kaiako, 'E toru o ēnei e hē ana te whakapassive.' Ka pōraru a Tāne: he aha te take e rerekē ai tētahi i tētahi? Kua kī te kaiako kia tirohia e ia a Te Aka. E rua ngā rā e toe ana. He pai te tuhituhi a Tāne, engari kāore ia i te mārama ki te take e hiahiatia ai te passive, i te mea ka taea noa iho te tuhi i te rerenga ā-active.
1. Whakatikahia ngā rerenga e whā, ā, whakamāramatia te pūtake o ia whakatikanga.
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Ko te mea tika: (1) 'Ka hopukina e te tangata te ika' - ko te passive o te 'hopu' ko te 'hopukina'; e kitea ana te '-kina' i roto i ētahi kupu pēnei i te 'hopu'; (2) 'Ka mauria e ia te kupenga' - ko te passive o te 'mau' ko te 'mauria' (he '-ria'); (3) 'Ka tukuna e te wahine te kai' - ko te passive o te 'tuku' ko te 'tukuna' (he '-na'); (4) 'Ka tirohia e te tamaiti te waka' - e tika ana tēnei; ko te passive o te 'tiro' ko te 'tirohia'. Ko te take matua: kāore he ture kotahi mō te whakapassive; kei ia kupu tōna ake āhua, ā, me rapu i te kupu i roto i a Te Aka, i a H. W. Williams rānei, kaua e whakatau noa mā te '-tia'. Ko te hē o Tāne: i whakamahia e ia te '-tia' mō ngā kupu katoa. He pai anō kia tuhia e ia he rārangi o ngā kupu e mau ana i a ia, mō te wā e tuhi ai ia i te pūrākau.
2. Whakamāramatia ki a Tāne te take e whakamahia ai te passive, ina taea noa iho te tuhi i te rerenga ā-active.
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Ko te passive he whiriwhiri mō te kaupapa o te rerenga. I te rerenga 'Ka hopukina te ika e te tangata', ko te ika te mea e kōrerotia ana i te tuatahi - koia te kaupapa o te kōrero. I te rerenga ā-active 'Ka hopu te tangata i te ika', ko te tangata te mea e kōrerotia ana. Nō reira: (1) mēnā ko te ika te mea nui o te pūrākau i tērā wāhanga, me passive; (2) mēnā kāore e mōhiotia te tangata nana te mahi, ka taea te waiho noa te passive, ka kore te kaihanga e kōrerotia - pēnei i te 'Ka tukuna te kai'; (3) ina pānuitia te pūrākau ā-waha, ka rangona te rerekē o te manawa o te rerenga. Ko te tohutohu: kaua e huri noa ki te passive mō te reo whakapaipai anake, engari me pātai 'Ko wai te mea e hiahia ana ahau kia mau i te whakaaro o te kaipānui i tēnei wāhanga?' - mā tērā e whakatau te momo rerenga.
3. Me pēhea a Tāne e whakatau ai i ngā whakapassive kāore ia i te tino mōhio, kia kaua e hē i te wā e tuhi ana?
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Me hanga he tikanga mahi, kaua ko te whakapae: (1) tirohia te kupu i roto i a Te Aka (he papakupu ā-ipurangi) - kei reira ngā whakapassive kua whakaaetia; (2) tirohia a H. W. Williams mēnā kei te whare pukapuka; (3) pātai ki te kaiako, ki te kaumātua rānei o te kāinga; (4) tuhia ngā kupu kua whakatauhia ki tētahi rārangi, hei maumahara māna ā muri ake. He mea nui anō kia pānui ā-waha i te rerenga: mā te taringa e tohu mēnā e tika ana te āhua o te kupu. Ka mutu, kia mōhio a Tāne he rerekē anō ētahi - arā, ka rangona ngā momo e rua mō tētahi kupu kotahi i roto i ngā tuhinga, nō reira ko te mea nui kia kotahi te momo e whakamahia ana i roto i te tuhinga kotahi kia ōrite ai te reo.