Communication Rules: Shipping Papers, Marking, Labeling, Placarding
The four communication tools-shipping papers, package markings, labels, and placards-tell everyone in the chain what is being moved. Shipping papers must accompany the load within the driver's reach, kept in a clearly marked pocket or holder, and must include the basic description: proper shipping name, hazard class or division, UN/NA identification number, and packing group (in that order). Emergency response telephone number and shipper certification are also required. Traps: questions ask where papers go in a cargo tank (in the holder on the driver's door) or whether the ID number can appear only on the package (no-it must be on the shipping paper). Marking includes the proper shipping name and UN/NA number on non-bulk packages; bulk packages carry ID numbers on both sides and each end. Labels are diamond-shaped, applied to non-bulk packages, and indicate the hazard class. Placards are larger diamonds placed on all four sides of a vehicle (or bulk package) for the material being carried. Placard tables split materials into Table 1 (must always be placarded when quantity is 1,001 pounds or more in one place) and Table 2 (placard at 1,001 pounds or more aggregate, and also when any amount of a Table 2 material requiring placarding is loaded). Rule of thumb: 1,001 pounds is the magic number for most placarding; DANGEROUS placards can be used for two or more Table 2 categories. Worked example: 1,200 lbs of Class 3 plus 1,200 lbs of Class 8 in the same vehicle-placard both FLAMMABLE and CORROSIVE, or use DANGEROUS.