Casualty Insurance Coverages and Policy Provisions
Personal and commercial auto
The Texas Personal Auto Policy is arranged in parts: A liability, B medical payments or PIP, C uninsured/underinsured motorist, D damage to your auto, plus duties after an accident. Texas minimum liability limits are 30/60/25 - $30,000 per person, $60,000 per accident, $25,000 property damage. At least $2,500 of PIP must be offered, and UM/UIM must be offered and can be rejected only in writing. "Your covered auto" includes a newly acquired vehicle (typically for 14 days), a temporary substitute, and a non-owned auto; business use of a personal vehicle generally falls outside the policy.
Liability and workers' compensation
The commercial general liability form is occurrence-based (claims-made versions require a retroactive date and an extended reporting period). It covers premises-operations, products-completed operations, personal and advertising injury, and medical payments, all subject to a general aggregate. Texas is the only state where workers' compensation is elective for most employers: subscribing employers receive the exclusive-remedy defense, while non-subscribers can be sued and lose common-law defenses.
Negligence
Texas applies modified comparative negligence - a claimant 51% or more at fault recovers nothing; 50% or less recovers reduced damages.
Rule of thumb: 30/60/25, then $2,500 PIP, then offer UM/UIM. Traps: confusing PIP with medical payments, mixing the occurrence and claims-made triggers, forgetting products-completed operations, and assuming workers' comp is mandatory in Texas.