Personal Automobile Policy and Personal Lines Endorsements
Structure of the PAP
Part A - Liability (bodily injury and property damage to others); Part B - Medical Payments (the insured and passengers, regardless of fault); Part C - Uninsured/Underinsured Motorists; Part D - Damage to Your Auto (collision, other than collision, and transportation expenses). Vermont requires liability coverage, commonly cited as 25/50/10, and requires uninsured motorist coverage at liability limits unless the insured signs a written reduction.
Who and what is covered
"Your covered auto" includes listed vehicles, newly acquired autos (with a notice period), temporary substitutes, and trailers. Non-owned auto covers the insured's use of a vehicle not owned by anyone in the household. Insureds include the named insured, resident family members, and anyone using the covered auto with permission.
Exclusions to master
Intentional acts; racing; use without a reasonable belief of permission; vehicles with fewer than four wheels; vehicles furnished for regular use (other than a temporary substitute); carrying persons or property for a fee (livery); and business use of vehicles other than private passenger autos, pickups, or vans in limited circumstances. Note that a fee-free carpool is not livery.
Endorsements
The most tested are extended non-owned coverage (for business use of non-owned autos), named non-owner, towing and labor, rental reimbursement, transportation expenses, custom equipment, gap coverage, and Mexico coverage.
Rule of thumb
Ask two questions: Is the car a covered auto? and Is the driver an insured? If either answer is no, Part A and Part D typically do not respond. Collision carries the deductible; liability never does.