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PSIRA Grade C study materials
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PSIRA Grade C practice questions

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Question 1Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Under the Private Security Industry Regulation Act, which body is responsible for regulating the private security industry in South Africa?

  1. The Department of Labour
  2. The National Prosecuting Authority
  3. The South African Police Service
  4. The Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority Correct answer.

Explanation

The Private Security Industry Regulation Act establishes the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSIRA) as the statutory regulator of the industry. It registers security service providers and enforces the Act and its code of conduct.

Question 2Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the primary purpose of the PSIRA Code of Conduct for security service providers?

  1. To outline the tactical training syllabus for armed response
  2. To govern the professional and ethical conduct of registered security service providers Correct answer.
  3. To determine the procurement rules for security contracts
  4. To set minimum wages for security officers

Explanation

The Code of Conduct sets standards of professional and ethical behaviour that registered security service providers must uphold. Breaching it can lead to disciplinary action by the Authority.

Question 3Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A person wishes to render a security service for reward. What is the foundational legal requirement before doing so?

  1. Approval from the local municipality
  2. Membership of a trade union
  3. Registration with the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority Correct answer.
  4. A letter of recommendation from the SAPS station commander

Explanation

The Act requires that any person who renders a security service for reward must be registered with the Authority. Rendering services without registration is an offence.

Question 4Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which of the following best describes a 'security service' under the regulatory framework?

  1. Only the transport of cash
  2. A range of protective services including guarding, protecting persons or property, and related activities Correct answer.
  3. Only the installation of alarm systems
  4. Only the guarding of physical premises

Explanation

The definition of a security service is broad and covers protecting persons and property, guarding, and related protective activities rendered for reward. It is not limited to a single type of service.

Question 5Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the general consequence for a registered security service provider who renders services while their registration is suspended?

  1. The provider only receives a written warning
  2. The suspension is automatically lifted
  3. The provider's clients become liable for the offence
  4. The provider commits an offence under the Act Correct answer.

Explanation

Rendering a security service while not validly registered, including during suspension, constitutes an offence under the Act. The provider may face prosecution and disciplinary consequences.

Question 6Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer is convicted of a serious offence involving dishonesty. What is the most likely impact on their registration status?

  1. Possible refusal, suspension or withdrawal of registration by the Authority Correct answer.
  2. No impact, because registration is permanent
  3. Automatic promotion to supervisor
  4. A reduction in registration fees

Explanation

The Act allows the Authority to refuse, suspend or withdraw registration where a person is convicted of certain offences, particularly those involving dishonesty or violence. This protects the integrity of the industry.

Question 7Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which principle best reflects the ethical duty of a security officer regarding confidential client information?

  1. Information may be shared freely with other clients
  2. Confidentiality applies only to written records
  3. Information may be sold if the officer is underpaid
  4. Confidentiality must be maintained except where disclosure is required by law Correct answer.

Explanation

Security officers owe a duty of confidentiality to clients, and this duty yields only where the law compels disclosure, for example to a court or investigating officer. Unauthorised disclosure breaches professional ethics and the Code of Conduct.

Question 8Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer is offered money by a member of the public to allow unauthorised access to a site. What is the correct ethical and legal response?

  1. Accept but record the money as a site fee
  2. Ask a colleague to decide on the officer's behalf
  3. Refuse the offer and report the attempted bribery Correct answer.
  4. Accept the money if the amount is small

Explanation

Accepting a bribe to permit unauthorised access is both unlawful and a serious breach of the Code of Conduct. The officer must refuse and report the attempted bribery through the proper channels.

Question 9Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

How does the use of force by a security officer relate to the constitutional right to life and bodily integrity?

  1. Force may only be used as reasonably necessary and within the law, respecting constitutional rights Correct answer.
  2. Force may be used whenever a client instructs it
  3. Force is prohibited in all circumstances
  4. Security officers may use any force necessary without limit

Explanation

The Constitution protects life and bodily integrity, and security officers are bound by these rights. Force may only be used where lawful and reasonably necessary, such as in lawful self-defence or defence of others.

Question 10Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer detains a suspected shoplifter. Which legal principle governs the lawfulness of the detention?

  1. Detention must be based on lawful grounds such as a citizen's arrest for an offence, and the person must be handed to the police promptly Correct answer.
  2. Detention is lawful whenever the officer suspects any wrongdoing, without more
  3. Detention is lawful only if the store manager signs a form
  4. Detention may continue indefinitely until the suspect confesses

Explanation

A security officer may only deprive a person of liberty on lawful grounds, typically through a citizen's arrest where an offence is committed, and must deliver the person to the police without undue delay. Arbitrary detention is unlawful.

Question 11Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What does the principle of 'minimum force' require of a security officer in a physical confrontation?

  1. Using force only after the client authorises it
  2. Using the most force available to end the confrontation quickly
  3. Avoiding all physical contact regardless of danger
  4. Using only the degree of force reasonably necessary to achieve a lawful objective Correct answer.

Explanation

The minimum-force principle requires that only the degree of force reasonably necessary to achieve a lawful purpose be used. Excessive force may constitute a crime and a breach of the Code of Conduct.

Question 12Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer is asked by a client to search an employee's personal bag without consent. What is the most legally sound approach?

  1. Search the bag immediately because the client owns the premises
  2. Search the bag but keep the contents confidential
  3. Ask another employee to conduct the search instead
  4. Refuse to search unless there is a lawful basis such as a contractual search policy or consent Correct answer.

Explanation

Searching a person or their property infringes privacy rights and requires a lawful basis, such as informed consent or a valid contractual search policy. An officer should not conduct an unlawful search merely because a client requests it.

Question 13Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which statement best describes the relationship between the PSIRA Code of Conduct and the criminal law?

  1. The criminal law does not apply to registered officers
  2. The Code operates alongside the criminal law, and conduct may breach both Correct answer.
  3. The Code only applies to managers
  4. The Code replaces the criminal law for security officers

Explanation

The Code of Conduct sets professional standards and operates in addition to the criminal law. A single act, such as assault, may breach both the Code and the criminal law, leading to disciplinary and criminal consequences.

Question 14Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the role of the Authority in handling complaints against registered security service providers?

  1. It refers all matters to the Department of Labour
  2. It can only issue public apologies
  3. It may investigate and take disciplinary action against registered providers Correct answer.
  4. It ignores complaints unless laid by the police

Explanation

The Authority may receive and investigate complaints and institute disciplinary action against registered providers who breach the Act or the Code of Conduct. This is part of its mandate to maintain industry standards.

Question 15Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer witnesses a colleague accepting a bribe from a contractor. What does ethical conduct require?

  1. Share the bribe to keep the peace
  2. Confront the colleague physically
  3. Report the matter through the appropriate internal or regulatory channels Correct answer.
  4. Ignore it to avoid conflict

Explanation

Ethical conduct requires reporting suspected corruption through proper channels, such as management or the Authority. Physical confrontation or silence both fall short of the duty to act with integrity.

Question 16Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which of the following best describes the duty of a security officer regarding the rights of arrested persons?

  1. Arrested persons have no rights until convicted
  2. Arrested persons retain constitutional rights, including to be informed of the reason for arrest and to remain silent Correct answer.
  3. Arrested persons may be held without any record of the arrest
  4. Arrested persons must answer all questions immediately

Explanation

The Constitution guarantees arrested persons the right to be informed promptly of the reason for arrest, to remain silent, and to be brought before a court promptly. Security officers must respect these rights when effecting a citizen's arrest.

Question 17Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security company wants to use a uniform and insignia that closely resembles the South African Police Service. What is the legal position?

  1. This is generally prohibited as it may mislead the public and impersonate the police Correct answer.
  2. This is allowed only at night
  3. This is required for all security officers
  4. This is permitted if the client approves

Explanation

Security providers may not use uniforms, insignia or titles that falsely suggest a connection with the police or that impersonate law enforcement. Such conduct misleads the public and is prohibited.

Question 18Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the significance of the oath or affirmation taken by a security officer?

  1. It underscores the officer's commitment to lawful and ethical conduct and may be relevant in disciplinary proceedings Correct answer.
  2. It replaces the need for registration
  3. It grants police powers to the officer
  4. It is a purely ceremonial act with no legal effect

Explanation

An oath or affirmation reinforces the officer's undertaking to act lawfully and ethically. Breach of that undertaking may be considered in disciplinary proceedings, although it does not confer police powers.

Question 19Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which of these is a core obligation of a registered security service provider toward the Authority?

  1. Auditing the Authority's financial statements
  2. Submitting to the Authority's oversight and complying with lawful instructions and conditions of registration Correct answer.
  3. Setting the Authority's budget
  4. Appointing the Authority's board members

Explanation

Registered providers must cooperate with the Authority's oversight, comply with the Act, the Code of Conduct and any conditions attached to their registration. Governance functions of the Authority are not performed by providers.

Question 20Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer is instructed by a supervisor to use excessive force against a trespasser. What should the officer do?

  1. Refuse the unlawful instruction and report it Correct answer.
  2. Follow the instruction because it comes from a supervisor
  3. Use force but deny it later
  4. Delegate the task to a junior officer

Explanation

An instruction to use excessive force is unlawful and must be refused. Superior orders do not justify unlawful conduct, and the officer should report the instruction through proper channels.

Question 21Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which statement best captures the ethical duty of fairness and non-discrimination in security work?

  1. Fairness applies only to paying clients
  2. All persons must be treated with dignity and without unfair discrimination Correct answer.
  3. Services may be refused to people based on their race or religion
  4. Discrimination is acceptable if the client requests it

Explanation

The Constitution prohibits unfair discrimination, and security officers must treat all persons with dignity and equality regardless of race, religion, gender or other grounds. Client preferences cannot justify discriminatory conduct.

Question 22Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What does 'reasonable suspicion' mean as a basis for a security officer's action such as a citizen's arrest?

  1. A suspicion held only by a manager
  2. A vague feeling that something is wrong
  3. A suspicion based on specific facts that would lead a reasonable person to believe an offence has been committed Correct answer.
  4. Any suspicion reported anonymously, regardless of detail

Explanation

Reasonable suspicion must rest on specific, objective facts that would lead a reasonable person to conclude that an offence has been committed. A mere hunch or unverified rumour is insufficient.

Question 23Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

How should a security officer handle personal information collected during a security operation, such as visitor logs?

  1. It must be handled lawfully and protected against unauthorised disclosure Correct answer.
  2. It may be published on social media for transparency
  3. It may be sold to marketing companies
  4. It may be discarded in a public bin

Explanation

Personal information must be collected and used lawfully and protected against loss or unauthorised access, consistent with privacy and data protection principles. Publishing, selling or carelessly discarding such information breaches these duties.

Question 24Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which of the following is the best example of a conflict of interest for a security officer?

  1. Guarding a site owned by a company in which the officer holds a concealed financial interest Correct answer.
  2. Attending a training course
  3. Reporting a crime to the police
  4. Working overtime for the same client

Explanation

A conflict of interest arises where an officer's personal financial interest could improperly influence their duties. Such interests must be disclosed and managed to preserve integrity.

Question 25Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the legal effect of the Authority withdrawing a security service provider's registration?

  1. The provider may continue operating under a different name
  2. The provider is no longer lawfully entitled to render security services for reward Correct answer.
  3. The provider's employees are all criminally liable
  4. The provider automatically becomes a police reservist

Explanation

Withdrawal of registration removes the provider's lawful authority to render security services for reward. Continuing to operate after withdrawal constitutes an offence.

Question 26Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which Act is the primary legislation governing the private security industry in South Africa?

  1. The Security Officers Act, 1987
  2. The Private Security Industry Regulation Act, 2001 Correct answer.
  3. The Regulation of Interception of Communications Act, 2002
  4. The Private Security Act, 1998

Explanation

The Private Security Industry Regulation Act, 2001 (Act No. 56 of 2001) established the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSIRA) and provides the main legal framework for the industry. Other Acts may affect security operations but are not the primary industry-specific legislation.

Question 27Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the primary purpose of the PSIRA Code of Conduct?

  1. To provide a list of approved security equipment suppliers
  2. To establish the fee structure for registration with the Authority
  3. To outline the criminal penalties for security officers who commit offences
  4. To set minimum standards of ethical and professional behaviour for registered security service providers Correct answer.

Explanation

The Code of Conduct prescribes the ethical and professional standards expected of registered security service providers and officers. It guides conduct rather than detailing criminal penalties, equipment suppliers, or fees.

Question 28Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which of the following is a requirement for registration as a security service provider in terms of the Private Security Industry Regulation Act?

  1. The provider must have a minimum of five years' experience in the security industry
  2. The provider must be registered with the Authority and comply with its regulations Correct answer.
  3. The provider must be a member of a recognised security industry association
  4. The provider must be a South African citizen

Explanation

Registration with the Authority is a mandatory legal requirement for providing security services. Citizenship, experience, and association membership are not universal registration requirements under the Act.

Question 29Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the role of the PSIRA Inspectorate?

  1. To issue firearm licences to security officers
  2. To prosecute criminal cases in court on behalf of the state
  3. To monitor compliance with the Act and investigate complaints against security service providers Correct answer.
  4. To provide training to security officers

Explanation

The Inspectorate monitors and enforces compliance with the Private Security Industry Regulation Act and investigates complaints. It does not prosecute in court, provide training, or issue firearm licences.

Question 30Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer arrests a person for shoplifting. Which constitutional right must the officer inform the arrested person of?

  1. The right to appeal the arrest to the Authority
  2. The right to a fair trial within 48 hours
  3. The right to remain silent and the consequences of not remaining silent Correct answer.
  4. The right to legal representation at the state's expense

Explanation

Section 35 of the Constitution requires that an arrested person be informed promptly of the right to remain silent and the consequences of not doing so. Other rights exist but the immediate notification duty upon arrest includes this right.

Question 31Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer uses a client's confidential information for personal gain. Which ethical principle is primarily violated?

  1. Integrity Correct answer.
  2. Accountability
  3. Transparency
  4. Respect for diversity

Explanation

Integrity requires honesty and strong moral principles, including not misusing confidential information for personal benefit. Transparency, accountability, and respect for diversity address different ethical dimensions.

Question 32Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the legal consequence for a security service provider that operates without registration?

  1. The provider commits an offence and may be liable to a fine or imprisonment Correct answer.
  2. The provider's contracts are automatically valid but unenforceable
  3. The provider may be issued a warning and allowed to continue operating
  4. The provider must pay a registration fee retroactively without penalty

Explanation

The Act makes it an offence to provide security services without registration, and a conviction can lead to a fine or imprisonment. A warning or retroactive fee does not cure the illegality.

Question 33Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer is asked to provide a client with the home address of a colleague. What is the most appropriate response?

  1. Report the request to the police immediately
  2. Refuse to disclose the information as it would violate the colleague's privacy Correct answer.
  3. Provide the address only if the client signs a confidentiality agreement
  4. Provide the address because the client is paying for the service

Explanation

Personal information such as a home address is protected under privacy laws and the Code of Conduct. Disclosing it without consent is unethical and unlawful, regardless of a client's request.

Question 34Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which of the following best describes the duty of a security officer regarding the use of force when making a citizen's arrest?

  1. Force may be used as reasonably necessary to effect the arrest and prevent escape Correct answer.
  2. Force may never be used under any circumstances
  3. Force may be used only after obtaining permission from a supervisor
  4. Force may be used to punish the suspect for resisting

Explanation

Section 49 of the Criminal Procedure Act permits the use of reasonable force to effect an arrest and prevent escape. Punitive force is unlawful, and prior permission is not required in urgent situations.

Question 35Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer discovers that a colleague is working without a valid PSIRA certificate. What is the officer's ethical and legal obligation?

  1. Ask the colleague to share their salary as compensation
  2. Report the matter to the Authority or the employer as required Correct answer.
  3. Ignore the matter to avoid conflict with the colleague
  4. Cover for the colleague until they obtain registration

Explanation

Working without registration is an offence, and the Code of Conduct requires officers to report unlawful conduct. Ignoring, extorting, or covering for the colleague would be unethical and may be criminal.

Question 36Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

What is the primary purpose of the PSIRA registration certificate issued to a security officer?

  1. To serve as a licence to carry a firearm
  2. To prove that the officer is registered and competent to perform security services Correct answer.
  3. To certify that the officer has completed a first-aid course
  4. To authorise the officer to make arrests without a warrant

Explanation

The registration certificate is evidence that the officer is registered with the Authority and has met the required competency standards. It does not confer firearm licences, arrest powers, or first-aid certification.

Question 37Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security company director is also a shareholder in a company that supplies equipment to the security company. What is the most appropriate ethical action?

  1. Ask for a personal discount from the supplier
  2. Proceed with the supply arrangement without disclosure
  3. Disclose the conflict of interest and recuse from related decision-making Correct answer.
  4. Resign from the security company immediately

Explanation

A conflict of interest must be disclosed and managed, typically by recusing oneself from decisions where personal interest could influence judgment. Proceeding without disclosure or seeking personal benefit is unethical.

Question 38Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

Which statement best explains the relationship between the PSIRA Code of Conduct and the Constitution of South Africa?

  1. The Code of Conduct supersedes the Constitution in security matters
  2. The Constitution applies only to state organs, not private security
  3. The Code of Conduct must be interpreted and applied consistently with the Constitution Correct answer.
  4. The Code of Conduct is optional guidance that officers may choose to follow

Explanation

The Constitution is the supreme law, and all legislation and codes must be consistent with it. The Code of Conduct is binding on registered persons and must be applied in a way that respects constitutional rights.

Question 39Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

A security officer is instructed by a client to detain a person without lawful grounds. What is the officer's most appropriate course of action?

  1. Refuse the instruction and explain that detention requires lawful grounds Correct answer.
  2. Ask the person to sign a consent form for detention
  3. Detain the person but release them after one hour
  4. Comply with the instruction because the client is paying for the service

Explanation

Detention without lawful grounds is unlawful and may constitute false imprisonment. A security officer must refuse unlawful instructions, even from a client, and should explain the legal requirement.

Question 40Legal and Ethical Framework of the Private Security Industry

How does the Private Security Industry Regulation Act balance the need for regulation with the rights of security officers?

  1. It provides for registration and discipline while ensuring officers have access to fair administrative processes Correct answer.
  2. It exempts security officers from all labour legislation
  3. It allows the Authority to impose penalties without any right of appeal
  4. It grants security officers powers greater than those of the police

Explanation

The Act establishes a regulatory framework that includes registration, discipline, and appeal mechanisms to ensure fair treatment. It does not exempt officers from labour laws or grant police-like powers.

Question 41Security Operations and Access Control

At a site gate, a security officer must verify a visitor's identity before issuing an access card. Which action best demonstrates proper identity verification?

  1. Recording the visitor's vehicle registration only
  2. Accepting a verbal name given by the visitor
  3. Matching the visitor's photo identification to the person presenting it Correct answer.
  4. Allowing entry if the visitor wears a company uniform

Explanation

Identity verification requires comparing a genuine credential bearing a photograph against the person presenting it. A verbal name, vehicle details or clothing do not establish identity. Only a documented match confirms who is entering.

Question 42Security Operations and Access Control

What is the primary purpose of an access control register at a security post?

  1. To record the price of equipment stored on site
  2. To create a permanent record of who entered and left a protected area Correct answer.
  3. To provide staff with a daily roster of duties
  4. To list the names of officers on leave

Explanation

An access control register documents entries and exits, providing an auditable trail of movement into and out of a protected area. It supports investigations and accountability. Duty rosters and leave lists are administrative records, not access logs.

Question 43Security Operations and Access Control

A security officer is stationed at a single entry point and must prevent unauthorised entry while allowing legitimate staff through quickly. This situation best describes which concept?

  1. Crowd management
  2. Access control at a controlled point Correct answer.
  3. Incident reporting
  4. Perimeter patrol

Explanation

Controlling a defined entry point to permit authorised persons and deny others is the essence of access control. Patrols cover broader areas and do not by themselves regulate passage. Reporting and crowd management are separate functions.

Question 44Security Operations and Access Control

When a visitor's access card fails to operate the turnstile, what is the most appropriate first step for the officer on duty?

  1. Take the visitor's card and keep it until the end of the shift
  2. Politely direct the visitor to the reception desk to have the card validated Correct answer.
  3. Allow the visitor through and note the incident later
  4. Push the turnstile open manually to avoid a delay

Explanation

A malfunctioning card should be validated through the proper authority rather than bypassed. Manually overriding the barrier defeats the control. Retaining a card or allowing unchecked entry creates accountability and security gaps.

Question 45Security Operations and Access Control

Which item is most important for a security officer to check when a delivery vehicle arrives at a controlled entrance?

  1. The colour of the vehicle
  2. The time the vehicle was last washed
  3. The number of staff in the vehicle's cab
  4. The driver's identity and the purpose of the delivery Correct answer.

Explanation

Access control for vehicles focuses on verifying who is driving and why they seek entry. Vehicle colour, cab occupancy and cleaning history do not establish authorisation. Confirming identity and purpose protects the site.

Question 46Security Operations and Access Control

What does the principle of least privilege mean in access control?

  1. Access is reduced only after an incident occurs
  2. All staff receive full access to simplify administration
  3. Persons are granted only the access needed for their specific task Correct answer.
  4. Access is granted to anyone who signs the register

Explanation

Least privilege limits each person's access to what their duties require, reducing the risk of misuse. Granting broad access increases exposure. Reacting only after incidents is not a preventive principle.

Question 47Security Operations and Access Control

A security officer notices a person tailgating behind an authorised employee through a secure door. What is the correct response?

  1. Sound the fire alarm to evacuate the area
  2. Ignore the person because the employee was authorised
  3. Report the employee to management the next day
  4. Politely stop the person and verify their authorisation before allowing further movement Correct answer.

Explanation

Tailgating allows unauthorised persons to bypass access control, so the officer should courteously intervene and verify authorisation. Ignoring the person leaves the site exposed. Evacuation or delayed reporting does not address the immediate risk.

Question 48Security Operations and Access Control

Which document typically authorises a contractor to work in a restricted area of a site?

  1. A business card from the contractor's company
  2. A personal identity document alone
  3. A verbal approval from a colleague
  4. A signed work permit issued by the site authority Correct answer.

Explanation

A work permit issued by the site authority records that the contractor is authorised to perform specific work in a restricted area. Identity documents prove who a person is but not authorisation. Business cards and verbal approvals lack formal authority.

Question 49Security Operations and Access Control

During a shift handover, the outgoing officer should brief the incoming officer on which of the following?

  1. The price of fuel at nearby stations
  2. The weather forecast for the following week
  3. The officer's personal plans after the shift
  4. Outstanding access issues and persons still on site Correct answer.

Explanation

Handover briefings must transfer operational information such as unresolved access matters and who remains on site. Personal or irrelevant information does not support continuity. A clear handover prevents security gaps.

Question 50Security Operations and Access Control

A visitor arrives without an appointment but claims to be meeting a senior manager. What is the most appropriate action?

  1. Escort the visitor directly to the manager's office
  2. Contact the manager to confirm the meeting before granting access Correct answer.
  3. Grant access because the visitor claims a senior connection
  4. Refuse entry without giving any reason

Explanation

Unannounced visitors must be verified with the person they claim to be visiting before access is granted. Relying on a claim alone is unsafe. Refusing without reason or escorting without confirmation both bypass verification.