CFPC flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Colorectal cancer screening interval

Adults aged 45-74 should be screened; FIT is repeated every 1-2 years, while colonoscopy, if chosen as the primary test, is repeated every 10 years.

Gestational diabetes screening timing

Screen all pregnant patients at 24-28 weeks gestation using a 50 g glucose challenge test; abnormal results are confirmed with a diagnostic 75 g oral glucose tolerance test.

Prenatal visit frequency

Visits every 4-6 weeks until 28 weeks, every 2-3 weeks until 36 weeks, then weekly until delivery; more frequent visits are added for identified risk factors.

Well-baby visit schedule

Routine visits occur at 1-2 weeks, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months, then annually; each visit includes growth plotting, development review, and immunization updates.

PHQ-9 threshold for depression

A PHQ-9 score of 10 or higher supports a diagnosis of at least moderate major depression; scores of 5-9 suggest mild symptoms warranting watchful waiting and reassessment.

Diabetes diagnostic threshold

An A1c of 6.5% or higher, fasting glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or 2-hour glucose of 11.1 mmol/L or higher on a 75 g OGTT diagnoses diabetes.

Diabetes A1c target

Most adults with type 2 diabetes target an A1c of 7.0% or lower; less stringent targets (up to 8.5%) apply to frail elderly or those with limited life expectancy.

CHADS-65 atrial fibrillation rule

Anticoagulation is recommended for AF patients with prior stroke/TIA, age 75 or older, or hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, or vascular disease; otherwise antiplatelet or no therapy.

Statin initiation threshold

A 10-year cardiovascular risk of 20% or higher warrants statin therapy; risk of 10% or higher with additional risk modifiers also supports treatment after shared decision-making.

Opioid reassessment interval

Reassess pain, function, and adverse effects within 4 weeks of starting or titrating an opioid; if benefit is inadequate, taper rather than escalate the dose.

Naloxone co-prescribing trigger

Offer take-home naloxone when the opioid dose reaches 50 MME per day or higher, or when opioids are combined with benzodiazepines, alcohol use disorder, or prior overdose.

Hypertension screening rule

Measure blood pressure at every encounter in adults; diagnose hypertension with elevated readings on separate occasions using standardized office or out-of-office measurement.

Bipolar screening before antidepressants

Screen for bipolar disorder using tools such as the MDQ before initiating antidepressant therapy, because unipolar treatment can precipitate mania or rapid cycling.

Cervical cancer screening interval

Cytology-based screening is repeated every 3 years, generally from age 25 to 69; HPV-based testing intervals are longer where implemented provincially.

Adult immunization review

At each periodic health visit, review tetanus-diphtheria boosters every 10 years, annual influenza, and age- or risk-based vaccines such as pneumococcal, shingles, and COVID-19.

High-quality CPR parameters

Compress at 100-120 per minute to a depth of 5-6 cm, allow full chest recoil, and minimize interruptions to under 10 seconds to maintain coronary perfusion pressure.

Epinephrine in cardiac arrest

Give 1 mg IV or IO every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest; give it as soon as feasible in non-shockable rhythms and after initial defibrillation attempts in VF or pVT.

Post-arrest targeted temperature

Comatose survivors of cardiac arrest receive targeted temperature management at 32-36 C for at least 24 hours, followed by active avoidance of fever.

Post-arrest hemodynamic target

Maintain a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mmHg using fluids and vasopressors, and treat reversible causes while avoiding hyperoxia and hypoglycemia.

ECG timing in chest pain

Obtain a 12-lead ECG within 10 minutes of arrival for suspected acute coronary syndrome; repeat it if symptoms recur or the initial tracing is nondiagnostic.

STEMI reperfusion window

Primary PCI should be delivered within 90 minutes of first medical contact; if PCI is unavailable within that window, fibrinolysis should begin within 30 minutes.

Sepsis one-hour bundle

Measure lactate, draw blood cultures, administer broad-spectrum antibiotics, and give 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate of 4 mmol/L or higher, all within one hour.

Anaphylaxis epinephrine dose

Give intramuscular epinephrine 0.3-0.5 mg of the 1:1000 concentration into the anterolateral thigh, repeating every 5-15 minutes as needed; adjuncts never replace it.

Stroke thrombolysis window

Intravenous thrombolysis is offered within 4.5 hours of last known well; endovascular thrombectomy is considered up to 6 hours, or up to 24 hours in selected large-vessel occlusions.

Permissive hypotension in trauma

In penetrating trauma without traumatic brain injury, target a systolic pressure near 90 mmHg until hemorrhage control, avoiding aggressive fluid that can worsen bleeding.

Tranexamic acid in trauma

Give 1 g IV tranexamic acid within 3 hours of injury, followed by 1 g infused over 8 hours, for trauma patients with or at risk of significant hemorrhage.

Difficult airway prediction

Use mnemonics such as LEMON or MOANS to assess look, evaluate, Mallampati, obstruction, and neck mobility before intubation, and prepare a backup plan.

RSI induction agents

Rapid sequence intubation typically uses ketamine or etomidate for induction plus a neuromuscular blocker such as rocuronium or succinylcholine, with preoxygenation first.

Capnography confirmation

Confirm endotracheal tube placement with continuous waveform capnography, which detects esophageal intubation and dislodgement more reliably than auscultation alone.

Ottawa ankle rule

Ankle radiography is indicated only if there is malleolar pain plus bone tenderness at the posterior malleolus or navicular, or inability to bear weight four steps.

Canadian CT head rule

CT head after minor trauma is indicated for GCS below 15 at 2 hours, suspected skull fracture, vomiting, age 65 or older, amnesia, or a dangerous mechanism.

Defibrillation in VF and pVT

Deliver a single shock immediately for ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia, then resume compressions at once without pausing to check a rhythm or pulse.