ABA APPLIED Exam cheat sheet

Inhaled anesthetic potency is inversely proportional to MAC (minimum alveolar concentration); 1 MAC prevents movement in 50% of subjects to a standard surgical stimulus.

Oxygen delivery: DO2 = cardiac output × arterial O2 content (CaO2), where CaO2 = (1.34 × Hb × SaO2) + (0.003 × PaO2).

Propofol induction dose is reduced in the elderly and in hypovolemia because of increased brain sensitivity and reduced clearance; hypotension is dose- and rate-dependent.

Succinylcholine is a depolarizing blocker metabolized by plasma pseudocholinesterase; prolonged block occurs with reduced enzyme activity (e.g., homozygous atypical variant).

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade is monitored by train-of-four; a TOF ratio ≥0.9 at the adductor pollicis indicates adequate recovery.

Malignant hyperthermia is treated with dantrolene 2.5 mg/kg IV and supportive measures; triggers are volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine.

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity presents with CNS excitation then cardiovascular depression; first-line treatment is 20% lipid emulsion 1.5 mL/kg bolus.

The Mallampati classification (I–IV) predicts difficult laryngoscopy; a Cormack-Lehane grade III–IV view indicates poor glottic visualization.

Spinal anesthesia block height is influenced by baricity of local anesthetic, patient position, and dose; hyperbaric solutions spread with gravity.

For a parturient, aspiration prophylaxis and left uterine displacement reduce the risk of aortocaval compression and aspiration during general anesthesia.

In pediatric patients, uncuffed endotracheal tube size can be estimated as (age in years/4) + 4 mm internal diameter.

Cardiac output is the product of heart rate and stroke volume; stroke volume is determined by preload, afterload, and contractility.

Pulmonary artery catheter measurements: cardiac output via thermodilution, and mixed venous oxygen saturation reflects the balance of oxygen delivery and consumption.

Bier block (IV regional anesthesia) uses a double tourniquet and exsanguination; local anesthetic must be a low-toxicity agent such as lidocaine without epinephrine.

In obstetric neuraxial anesthesia, hypotension is treated with left uterine displacement, IV fluids, and vasopressors such as phenylephrine.

Pediatric airway anatomy: larger tongue, higher larynx, and narrower subglottis make the infant airway prone to obstruction and croup after intubation.

One-lung ventilation improves surgical exposure but causes shunt; hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is the main compensatory mechanism.

Regional anesthesia: interscalene block risks phrenic nerve palsy, while supraclavicular block risks pneumothorax.