ABC CPO flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

PTB socket

Patellar tendon-bearing transtibial socket that loads the patellar tendon and medial tibial flare while relieving pressure over the tibial crest and fibular head.

Ischial containment socket

Transfemoral socket design in which the ischium is contained within the medial and lateral walls, improving coronal-plane stability compared with the quadrilateral socket.

K-level K2

Medicare functional level describing a limited community ambulator who can traverse low-level environmental barriers such as curbs, stairs, or uneven surfaces.

Energy-storing foot

Prosthetic foot with a flexible keel that deflects during stance and returns stored energy at push-off; benefit increases with walking speed and body weight.

Stance-control knee

Prosthetic knee that resists flexion during weight bearing via friction brake, geometric lock, or hydraulic mechanism, allowing a stable stance without locking the knee.

Figure-of-nine harness

Body-powered upper-limb suspension using a figure-of-eight strap pattern across the back and contralateral axilla to anchor the control cable.

Proportional myoelectric control

Upper-limb control scheme in which surface EMG amplitude maps to terminal device speed and grip force, allowing graded rather than on-off activation.

Residual limb shrinkage

Postoperative reduction in limb volume from fluid loss and muscle atrophy; managed by socket refabrication or liner ply changes rather than permanent socket enlargement.

Transfemoral socket flexion angle

Initial socket flexion, typically about 5 degrees, that positions the femur for ischial seating and helps control hip flexion contracture in transfemoral fitting.

Suspension: pin lock

Transtibial suspension using a shuttle lock and distal pin on the liner; provides secure suspension but limits rotational control compared with suction.

Prosthetic alignment bench alignment

Initial static setup of socket, pylon, and foot using manufacturer reference lines before dynamic alignment adjustments are made during gait training.

Terminal device

The distal component of an upper-limb prosthesis, such as a hook or hand, that provides prehension; may be body-powered, myoelectric, or passive.

SACH foot

Solid-ankle cushioned-heel foot with a rigid keel and compressible heel wedge; provides a stable base but no energy return or ankle motion.

Myodesis versus myoplasty

Surgical techniques in amputation: myodesis sutures muscle to bone for stable tension; myoplasty sutures muscle to opposing muscle over the bone end.

Phantom limb pain

Pain perceived in the absent limb after amputation; distinguished from residual limb pain, which arises in the remaining tissue itself.

Transtibial socket total contact

Design principle distributing load over the entire residual limb surface to reduce focal pressure and limit distal edema, rather than loading only specific bony prominences.

AFO trim line stiffness

Proximal and anterior extension of an ankle-foot orthosis shell increases resistance to dorsiflexion and improves swing-phase toe clearance.

Ground reaction AFO

Orthosis with a posterior shell and anterior proximal strap that restrains tibial forward progression, substituting for weak quadriceps and preventing knee buckling.

Three-point pressure system

Orthotic principle applying a corrective force at the deformity apex with two counterforces on the opposite side to maintain alignment.

Milwaukee brace

Cervico-thoraco-lumbo-sacral orthosis with a neck ring used to treat high thoracic scoliotic curves; a Boston brace treats lower thoracolumbar curves.

Rocker-bottom sole

Shoe modification with a curved sole that assists forward roll at push-off and reduces pressure under the forefoot during walking.

Rearfoot posting

Wedge built into the orthosis beneath the heel to control calcaneal eversion or inversion, influencing subtalar joint position during stance.

Forefoot posting

Wedge added under the forefoot to compensate for forefoot varus or valgus, establishing a neutral forefoot-to-rearfoot relationship.

Solid ankle AFO

Rigid ankle-foot orthosis that blocks all ankle motion in the sagittal plane, used when ankle stability or fixed positioning is required.

Plantarflexion stop hinge

AFO hinge feature that prevents the foot from dropping into plantarflexion during swing, aiding toe clearance in dorsiflexor weakness.

Reciprocating gait orthosis

Bilateral KAFO with a cable coupling that converts hip flexion on one side into hip extension on the other, enabling swing-through gait in paraplegia.

Metatarsal pad

Orthotic insert placed proximal to the metatarsal heads to spread them and relieve pressure on the metatarsal heads during weight bearing.

Cervical orthosis types

Rigid cervical collars limit gross motion; halo and SOMI devices provide greater immobilization of the cervical spine after fracture or fusion.

TLSO indications

Thoraco-lumbo-sacral orthosis limits trunk motion and is used for compression fractures, postoperative protection, and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis bracing.

Orthotic shoe insert

Removable insole placed inside footwear to redistribute pressure, provide cushioning, or support the medial longitudinal arch without altering the shoe itself.

KAFO knee joint lock

Drop-lock or bail-lock knee joint that holds the knee in extension during stance for stability; must be released to allow knee flexion in sitting.

Heel wedge

Medial or lateral wedge placed under the heel to tilt the calcaneus, controlling rearfoot position and influencing tibial rotation during gait.

Scoliosis TLSO pad placement

Corrective pads are placed over the curve apex with relief areas opposite, following a three-point pressure concept to guide curve correction.