ABPath Clinical Informatics flashcards
ABPath Clinical Informatics · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- EHR
- An electronic health record is a longitudinal, interoperable record of a patient's health information shared across multiple care organizations and used to support care delivery.
- LOINC
- LOINC is a standard terminology for identifying laboratory tests and clinical observations using codes and structured attributes such as component, property, timing, system, scale, and method.
- FHIR
- Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources is an HL7 standard that represents health data as modular resources exchanged through RESTful application programming interfaces.
- Semantic interoperability
- Semantic interoperability means that exchanged data retain shared meaning so receiving systems can interpret and use the information correctly without manual reconciliation.
- Five rights of CDS
- The five rights of clinical decision support are the right information, right person, right format, right channel, and right time for a decision or action.
- Alert fatigue
- Alert fatigue is desensitization caused by excessive or low-value alerts, leading clinicians to override or ignore warnings and potentially miss important safety signals.
- Positive predictive value
- Positive predictive value is the proportion of patients with a positive test result who truly have the condition; it equals true positives divided by true positives plus false positives.
- Order set
- An order set is a grouped collection of evidence-based orders and related guidance for a specific clinical scenario, designed to standardize care and reduce omissions.
- UAT
- User acceptance testing is structured testing in which representative end users verify that a system meets agreed clinical and operational requirements before go-live.
- Big-bang go-live
- A big-bang go-live activates a new system for all users and sites at one time, maximizing simultaneous change but increasing risk of widespread disruption.
- RACI matrix
- A RACI matrix assigns roles for each task as responsible, accountable, consulted, or informed, clarifying decision rights and communication in projects.
- Downtime procedure
- A downtime procedure defines how clinical operations continue when a system is unavailable, including paper forms, access to prior results, and reconciliation after restoration.
- Data stewardship
- Data stewardship is the assignment of responsibility for data quality, definitions, access, and lifecycle management to accountable roles within a governed organization.
- Data lineage
- Data lineage documents the origin, movement, transformation, and destination of data across systems, supporting traceability, reproducibility, and impact analysis.
- Precision and recall
- Precision is the proportion of retrieved items that are relevant, while recall is the proportion of relevant items that are retrieved; F1 combines both.
- Safe Harbor de-identification
- HIPAA Safe Harbor de-identification removes eighteen specified identifier categories from protected health information, provided the covered entity has no actual knowledge that remaining data could identify an individual.
- Minimum necessary
- The minimum necessary standard requires limiting uses, disclosures, and requests for protected health information to the amount reasonably needed to accomplish the intended purpose.
- Security triad
- The security triad consists of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, the three core goals for protecting information systems and data.
- Role-based access control
- Role-based access control grants permissions according to job roles rather than individual identities, supporting least privilege and easier access review.
- Breach notification rule
- The HIPAA breach notification rule requires affected individuals to be notified without unreasonable delay and no later than sixty days after discovery of a reportable breach.
- Donabedian model
- The Donabedian model evaluates quality through structure, process, and outcome domains, linking resources and workflows to patient results.
- PDSA cycle
- A plan-do-study-act cycle is a small-scale iterative improvement method that tests a change, measures its effect, and informs the next cycle.
- Failure mode effects analysis
- Failure mode and effects analysis prospectively identifies process failures, scores severity, occurrence, and detection, and prioritizes actions by the resulting risk priority number.
- Statistical process control
- Statistical process control uses control charts to distinguish common-cause variation from special-cause variation, guiding whether a process is stable and whether improvement occurred.
- Kotter eight steps
- Kotter's eight-step model for change includes creating urgency, forming a coalition, developing vision, communicating, removing barriers, generating short-term wins, sustaining gains, and anchoring change.
- ADKAR model
- ADKAR describes change as individual progression through awareness, desire, knowledge, ability, and reinforcement, with each element needed for sustained behavior change.
- Stakeholder power-interest grid
- A stakeholder power-interest grid classifies stakeholders by influence and concern, helping leaders choose engagement strategies such as manage closely, keep satisfied, keep informed, or monitor.
- Just culture
- Just culture distinguishes human error, at-risk behavior, and reckless conduct, responding with support, coaching, or accountability rather than blame alone.
- Autoverification
- Autoverification uses predefined rules to release laboratory results without manual review when results meet validated criteria, improving turnaround time while preserving safety checks.
- Delta check
- A delta check compares a current laboratory result with a prior result from the same patient and flags change exceeding a defined threshold for review.
- Westgard rules
- Westgard rules are statistical quality control rules that detect shifts, trends, and random error in laboratory control results by evaluating patterns across control measurements.
- Synoptic reporting
- Synoptic reporting uses structured checklists with standardized elements and allowable values to document pathology findings consistently for diagnosis, staging, and analytics.