ACSM-RCEP flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Cardiac output equation
- Cardiac output equals heart rate multiplied by stroke volume, typically about 5 L/min at rest and rising to 20-25 L/min during maximal aerobic exercise in trained individuals.
- Fick principle
- Oxygen consumption equals cardiac output multiplied by the arterial-venous oxygen difference, linking central delivery and peripheral extraction of oxygen.
- Rate-pressure product
- Systolic blood pressure multiplied by heart rate; it estimates myocardial oxygen demand and is used to monitor ischemic thresholds during exercise testing.
- One MET defined
- One metabolic equivalent equals 3.5 mL of oxygen per kilogram per minute, the approximate resting oxygen consumption used to express exercise intensity.
- Tanaka max heart rate
- An age-based estimate of maximal heart rate calculated as 208 minus 0.7 times age; often preferred over 220 minus age in older adults.
- Ejection fraction
- The percentage of ventricular end-diastolic volume ejected per beat; normal is roughly 55-70%, and values below 40% indicate reduced systolic function.
- Chronotropic incompetence
- An inadequate heart rate rise during graded exercise, commonly defined as failure to reach at least 80% of age-predicted heart rate reserve.
- Ankle-brachial index
- Ratio of ankle to brachial systolic pressure; a value of 0.90 or lower supports a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease.
- FITT-VP framework
- Exercise prescription structure covering frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, and progression, ensuring all components of a training plan are specified.
- Karvonen formula
- Target heart rate equals the heart rate reserve multiplied by desired intensity percentage, then added to resting heart rate.
- Heart rate reserve
- The difference between maximal and resting heart rate; intensity percentages applied to this range better reflect individual aerobic capacity.
- Moderate intensity range
- Approximately 40-59% of heart rate reserve, 64-76% of maximal heart rate, or an RPE of 12-13 on the Borg 6-20 scale.
- Vigorous intensity range
- Approximately 60-89% of heart rate reserve, 77-95% of maximal heart rate, or an RPE of 14-17 on the Borg 6-20 scale.
- Exercise test stopping criteria
- Reasons to terminate a graded exercise test include ST depression of 2 mm or more, a drop in systolic pressure over 10 mmHg, serious arrhythmia, or client request.
- Relative testing contraindication
- A resting systolic pressure above 200 mmHg or diastolic above 110 mmHg is a relative contraindication requiring clinical clearance before exercise testing.
- Diabetes exercise glucose limits
- Exercise should be deferred when blood glucose exceeds 250 mg/dL with ketones present, or exceeds 300 mg/dL without ketones.
- Heart failure training intensity
- Aerobic training at 40-70% of heart rate reserve improves functional capacity; resistance training at 40-70% of one-repetition maximum is generally safe.
- Resistance training starting load
- Sedentary or cardiac clients typically begin resistance training at 40-50% of one-repetition maximum, progressing gradually toward 60-70%.
- Transtheoretical model stages
- Behavior change progresses through precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance, with relapse possible at any stage.
- Self-determination theory
- Sustained motivation is supported when autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs are met, promoting intrinsic rather than externally controlled exercise behavior.
- Social cognitive theory
- Exercise behavior is shaped by self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and observational learning, with self-efficacy being a strong predictor of adherence.
- SMART goal criteria
- Goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound; short-term goals build early success and confidence.
- Motivational interviewing OARS
- Core skills are open questions, affirmations, reflective listening, and summarizing, used to elicit and strengthen client change talk.
- Relapse prevention planning
- Clients identify high-risk situations, rehearse coping responses, and reframe lapses as temporary setbacks rather than personal failure.
- Teach-back method
- The client explains instructions in their own words, allowing the professional to confirm comprehension and correct misunderstandings.
- Preparticipation screening
- Clients are classified as apparently healthy, medically controlled, or medically unstable based on symptoms, known disease, and risk factors.
- Informed consent purpose
- Documented voluntary agreement after disclosure of risks, benefits, and alternatives; required before exercise testing and retained in the client record.
- Emergency response plan
- A written protocol specifying emergency contacts, accessible AED and supplies, staff roles, and annual drills, targeting response within a few minutes.
- Scope of practice limits
- Exercise professionals may screen, prescribe exercise, and educate, but must not diagnose disease, prescribe medication, or interpret diagnostic tests.
- Negligence elements
- A claim requires duty of care, breach of that duty, causation linking breach to harm, and actual damages; standard of care follows professional guidelines.
- HIPAA protected information
- Health information may be disclosed for treatment, payment, or operations, or with written client authorization; otherwise it must remain confidential.
- Session documentation content
- Records should capture date, activities performed, intensity, duration, client response, adverse events, and any modifications made to the plan.