DOH Allied Health Exam flashcards
DOH Allied Health Exam · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Orthostatic hypotension
- A drop in blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg systolic or 10 mmHg diastolic within 3 minutes of standing, which may cause dizziness and falls.
- Glasgow Coma Scale
- A 3-to-15 scoring system assessing eye opening, verbal response, and motor response to quantify level of consciousness after neurologic injury.
- Axial skeleton
- The 80 bones forming the central axis of the body, including the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, which protect internal organs.
- Nephron
- The functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, and renal tubules, where blood is filtered and urine is formed.
- Cardiac output
- The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume; normal resting output is about 4–8 L/min.
- Mean arterial pressure
- The average pressure in a patient's arteries during one cardiac cycle, estimated as diastolic pressure plus one-third of the pulse pressure.
- Chain of infection
- A six-link model of disease transmission: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.
- Airborne precautions
- Infection control measures used for pathogens spread by small particles that remain suspended in air, requiring an N95 respirator and negative-pressure room.
- SOAP note
- A structured documentation format with four sections: Subjective (patient report), Objective (observable data), Assessment (clinical judgment), and Plan (next steps).
- Suffix -ectomy
- A medical term suffix meaning surgical removal of a structure, as in appendectomy (removal of the appendix) or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).
- Therapeutic index
- The ratio of a drug's toxic dose to its therapeutic dose; a narrow index means small dose changes can cause toxicity, requiring close monitoring.
- Naloxone
- An opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression; it is given intravenously, intramuscularly, or intranasally in emergency situations.
- Normal adult hemoglobin
- The oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells, normally 13.5–17.5 g/dL in men and 12.0–15.5 g/dL in women; low values indicate anemia.
- Serum potassium range
- The normal adult serum potassium concentration is 3.5–5.0 mEq/L; values outside this range can cause cardiac dysrhythmias and require prompt evaluation.
- Informed consent
- A patient's voluntary agreement to a procedure after receiving information about its risks, benefits, and alternatives, given while the patient has decision-making capacity.
- Scope of practice
- The set of procedures and responsibilities a health care worker is legally permitted to perform under state licensure laws and employer policies.
- RACE fire response
- A fire safety mnemonic: Rescue anyone in danger, Alarm the fire department, Contain the fire by closing doors, and Extinguish or Evacuate.
- Safety data sheet
- A document required for hazardous chemicals that lists physical hazards, safe handling procedures, and first-aid measures for exposure.
- Adult CPR compression depth
- For adult CPR, compress the chest at least 2 inches (5 cm) but not more than 2.4 inches (6 cm) at a rate of 100–120 compressions per minute.
- Anaphylaxis treatment
- A severe allergic reaction treated with intramuscular epinephrine, adult dose 0.3–0.5 mg of 1:1,000 solution, injected into the anterolateral thigh.
- SBAR handoff
- A structured communication tool for clinical handoffs: Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation, which improves patient safety.
- Teach-back method
- A communication technique in which the patient explains information back in their own words to confirm understanding and identify gaps.
- Standard precautions
- Infection control practices applied to all patients, including hand hygiene and use of gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection when exposure is anticipated.
- Six rights of medication
- A safety checklist ensuring the right patient, drug, dose, route, time, and documentation before administering any medication.
- Normal adult vital signs
- Resting values: temperature 36.5–37.5 °C, pulse 60–100 beats/min, respirations 12–20 breaths/min, blood pressure under 120/80 mmHg, and SpO2 at least 95%.
- Appendicular skeleton
- The 126 bones of the limbs and their girdles (pectoral and pelvic), which enable movement and manipulation of the environment.
- Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
- A hormonal pathway that raises blood pressure through vasoconstriction and sodium and water retention by the kidneys.
- Clostridioides difficile hand hygiene
- Hand hygiene with soap and water for at least 20 seconds is required after contact with C. difficile because alcohol-based rub does not kill spores.
- HIPAA
- A federal law protecting patient health information that permits disclosure for treatment, payment, and health care operations without patient authorization.
- Autonomy
- The ethical principle respecting a patient's right to make informed decisions about their own health care, including the right to refuse treatment.
- PASS fire extinguisher
- A fire extinguisher technique: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep side to side.
- Therapeutic communication
- A patient-centered communication style using open-ended questions, active listening, reflection, and clarification to build trust and support expression of feelings.