AEPA flashcards
AEPA · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Main idea
- The central point an author conveys about a topic; it is supported by details and often stated in a topic sentence or inferred from the whole passage.
- Inference
- A conclusion drawn from evidence in a text combined with prior knowledge, rather than stated directly by the author.
- Pythagorean theorem
- In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides, expressed as a² + b² = c².
- Piaget concrete operational stage
- In Piaget's theory, children roughly ages 7 to 11 gain logical thinking about concrete objects and can conserve quantity, but struggle with abstract hypothetical reasoning.
- Formative assessment
- Ongoing evaluation during instruction used to adjust teaching and provide feedback; it is not typically graded and focuses on improving student learning.
- Zone of proximal development
- Vygotsky's term for the gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with guidance from a more knowledgeable other.
- Photosynthesis equation
- The process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
- Primary source
- An original document or artifact created during the period studied, such as a diary, letter, photograph, or official record, used as direct evidence.
- Elements of art
- The basic visual components including line, shape, form, color, value, texture, and space, used to analyze and create artworks.
- Slope of a line
- The ratio of vertical change to horizontal change between two points on a line, calculated as rise over run or (y₂ − y₁)/(x₂ − x₁).
- Plate tectonics
- The scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates that move over the asthenosphere, causing earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building.
- Point of view
- The perspective from which a narrative is told, such as first person, third-person limited, or third-person omniscient.
- Least restrictive environment
- IDEA requirement that students with disabilities be educated with nondisabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate, with removal only when supplementary aids are insufficient.
- Free appropriate public education
- FAPE is an IDEA entitlement requiring public schools to provide individualized special education and related services at no cost to parents, meeting state standards.
- Accommodation versus modification
- An accommodation changes how a student accesses learning without altering content standards; a modification changes what the student is expected to learn or demonstrate.
- Differentiated instruction
- A teaching approach that adjusts content, process, product, or learning environment based on student readiness, interests, and learning profiles to maximize growth.
- Summative assessment
- Evaluation at the end of an instructional period that measures student achievement against standards and is often used for grades or program decisions.
- Classroom management
- The set of strategies teachers use to create and maintain an orderly, safe, and productive learning environment, including routines, expectations, and responses to behavior.
- Site-based management
- A governance approach that shifts decision-making authority from central offices to individual schools, involving principals, teachers, parents, and community members.
- Title I funding
- Federal education funds allocated to schools with high percentages of low-income students to support academic achievement and supplemental instructional services.
- Due process in education
- Constitutional and statutory protections ensuring fair procedures before a student is deprived of education rights, such as notice and a hearing.
- Phonemic awareness
- The ability to identify and manipulate individual sounds, or phonemes, in spoken words, such as blending, segmenting, and deleting sounds.
- Alphabetic principle
- The understanding that letters and letter combinations represent the sounds of spoken language, forming the foundation for phonics and decoding.
- Running record
- A reading assessment in which a teacher records a student's oral reading errors and self-corrections to analyze accuracy, fluency, and strategy use.
- Disciplinary literacy
- The specialized reading, writing, and thinking practices used within a particular subject area, such as analyzing evidence in history or interpreting data in science.
- Text complexity
- A measure of how challenging a text is to read, considering qualitative factors, quantitative readability scores, and reader-task variables.
- Close reading
- A repeated, careful analysis of a short text focused on textual evidence, structure, and meaning, often used to build comprehension of complex texts.
- Information literacy
- The ability to locate, evaluate, and use information effectively and ethically, including recognizing authority, bias, and the research need.
- Collection development
- The systematic process of selecting, acquiring, evaluating, and deselecting library materials to meet user needs and align with institutional goals.
- Fair use doctrine
- A legal provision allowing limited use of copyrighted material without permission for purposes such as teaching, scholarship, or research, based on four factors.
- Andragogy
- Malcolm Knowles's theory of adult learning emphasizing that adults are self-directed, draw on experience, and seek relevance and problem-centered instruction.
- Second language acquisition
- The process by which learners acquire a non-native language, influenced by input, interaction, motivation, age, and first-language transfer.