Antigua & Barbuda Learner Driver Theory Test cheat sheet

Sign shapes carry meaning: an inverted triangle means give way, an octagon means stop, a circle with a red border means a prohibition, and a diamond warns of a hazard ahead.

Sign colours: red means prohibition or stop, blue means a mandatory instruction, yellow or amber means warning, and green or white rectangles give information and directions.

A flashing amber traffic light means proceed only if the way is clear and no pedestrian is crossing; a steady amber means prepare to stop because red follows.

A flashing red signal is treated as a stop sign: come to a complete stop, then proceed only when safe.

A solid white centre line means no crossing or overtaking; a broken white line may be crossed only when it is safe and legal to do so.

A solid yellow line at the edge or centre marks a restriction (no parking or no overtaking); double solid lines on your side forbid crossing.

A stop line is a solid white bar across your lane; you must stop before it, not on or past it.

Zebra or pedestrian crossings are marked by broad white stripes; drivers must give way to pedestrians on the crossing.

Antigua and Barbuda drives on the left; at junctions and roundabouts keep left and give way to traffic approaching from your right unless signs or signals say otherwise.

At an unmarked intersection, the vehicle already in the junction has priority; a driver turning right across oncoming traffic must give way.

At a roundabout, give way to traffic already circulating (approaching from the right) and signal left to exit.

A vehicle entering a main road from a side road, driveway or car park must give way to traffic already on the main road.

Emergency vehicles using sirens or flashing lights have priority; pull to the left and stop if needed to let them pass.

Overtake on the right, never on the left, and only when the road ahead is clear, the line markings allow it and you can see far enough ahead.

Pedestrians on a marked crossing have right-of-way; a driver must stop and remain stopped until they have cleared the road.

School buses displaying flashing lights or a stop signal require traffic in both directions to stop until the signal is withdrawn.

The two-second rule sets a minimum following gap; double it to four seconds in rain, at night or when following a large vehicle.

Stopping distance equals thinking distance (speed x reaction time) plus braking distance, which rises with the square of speed.

The safe following gap grows with speed: at 50 km/h a two-second gap is about 28 metres.

Use the mirror-signal-manoeuvre routine before every change of direction, lane or speed.

Drive to the conditions, not the speed limit: reduce speed in rain, on loose surfaces, at night and near schools or markets.

Scan 12 to 15 seconds ahead and check mirrors every 5 to 8 seconds to spot hazards early.

Avoid the blind spots of heavy vehicles; if you cannot see the driver's mirrors, the driver cannot see you.

On wet roads, avoid sudden braking and steering; ease off the accelerator gently to prevent skidding.

A learner driver must hold a valid learner's permit, display L plates and be accompanied by a fully licensed driver as required by law.

A provisional or full licence must be carried or produced on demand; driving without a valid licence is an offence.

Every vehicle must have valid third-party insurance, a current road tax and a certificate of fitness or inspection where required.

The registered owner is responsible for keeping the vehicle's registration, insurance and inspection current.

Seat belts are mandatory for the driver and all passengers where fitted; children must use an appropriate restraint.

Driving without insurance, with an expired licence or with a defective vehicle can lead to fines, penalty points or disqualification.

A police officer may require you to produce your licence, insurance and vehicle documents; failure to produce them is an offence.

Report any change of address or ownership to the licensing authority within the period set by law.

The clutch connects and disconnects engine power; press it fully before changing gear and release it smoothly to avoid stalling.

Brake firmly but progressively; on a skid, release the brake and steer in the direction you want the front of the vehicle to go.

Check tyre tread depth and pressure regularly; worn or under-inflated tyres lengthen braking distance and increase skid risk.

Check engine oil, coolant, brake fluid and washer fluid levels when the engine is cold and the vehicle is level.

Test lights, indicators, horn and wipers before a journey; a faulty brake light or indicator is a hazard to others.

Use low gears for steep descents to control speed with engine braking and avoid overheating the brakes.

Keep a firm, relaxed grip on the wheel at about the 9 and 3 o'clock position and look where you want to go.

If a warning light stays on after starting, stop safely and investigate before continuing.

If a tyre blows out, hold the wheel firmly, ease off the accelerator and steer straight; do not brake hard until the vehicle is under control.

If the brakes fail, pump the pedal, change to a lower gear and use the handbrake gradually; steer to a safe stopping area.

If you skid, look and steer where you want to go and avoid harsh braking or acceleration.

In fog or heavy rain, reduce speed, use dipped headlights and increase following distance; never use full beam in fog.

If your vehicle breaks down, move it off the road, switch on hazard lights and place a warning triangle behind it where safe.

At a collision, stop, switch off the engine, give first aid if trained and exchange details; report to police where required.

Break the cycle of fatigue: stop, rest and swap drivers at the first signs of drowsiness rather than pressing on.

Watch for pedestrians stepping out near buses, parked cars and markets, and for animals on rural roads.

Alcohol slows reaction time, reduces judgement and narrows attention; even small amounts increase crash risk.

Driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs is an offence; a police officer may require a breath, blood or urine test.

Refusing to provide a specimen when lawfully required is itself an offence.

Prescription and over-the-counter medicines can impair driving; check the label and ask a pharmacist before driving.

Fatigue impairs driving like alcohol: after about 17 hours awake, performance can fall to a level similar to a low blood-alcohol reading.

Never drive after drinking; use a designated sober driver, public transport or a taxi.

Illness, stress and poor eyesight affect fitness to drive; wear prescribed glasses or contact lenses when driving.

Drugs, including cannabis, impair coordination and reaction time; combining them with alcohol multiplies the risk.

Give cyclists at least 1 metre of clearance when overtaking in low-speed areas and more at higher speeds.

Check mirrors and blind spots before opening a car door, and open with the far hand to avoid 'dooring' cyclists.

Pedestrians are most vulnerable at crossings, junctions and near buses; slow down and be ready to stop.

Motorcyclists are small and easily hidden in blind spots; look twice before pulling out or changing lanes.

Give large vehicles extra room and never overtake on their left, where their blind spot is largest.

When passing animals or horse riders, slow down, give plenty of room and avoid sudden noise.

At zebra crossings and school zones, reduce speed and be prepared to stop for children and pedestrians.

Cyclists may need to move around potholes or drains; allow them space and do not crowd them.